Integrated Reading: Science & discovery

The words

Every word in this set, with what it means. Tap a word to hear it.

contrast

a difference between people, ideas, situations, things etc that are being compared

“Learners saw the word “contrast” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

conflict

a state of disagreement or argument between people, groups, countries etc

“Learners saw the word “conflict” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

valid

a reason, argument etc that is based on what is reasonable or sensible

“The report describes the research project issue as valid.”

compare

a quality that is beyond compare is the best of its kind

“A clear definition of the word “compare” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

settle

to end an argument or solve a disagreement

“The speaker explains how “settle” is used in a report about the research project.”

intervene

to become involved in an argument, fight, or other difficult situation in order to change what happens

“In the research project discussion, the verb “intervene” describes an action or change.”

neutral

a country, person, or group that is not involved in an argument or disagreement

“A clear definition of the word “neutral” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

consistent

a consistent argument or idea does not have any parts that do not match other parts

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as consistent.”

relative

having a particular quality when compared with something else

“The report describes the research project issue as relative.”

refutation

A refutation of an argument, accusation, or theory is something that proves it is wrong or untrue

“The speaker used the word “refutation” while explaining the research project problem.”

nominal

a very small sum of money, especially when compared with what something would usually cost or what it is worth

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as nominal.”

dialectic

a method of examining and discussing ideas in order to find the truth, in which two opposing ideas are compared in order to find a solution that includes them both

“Learners saw the word “dialectic” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

demagogy

You can refer to a method of political rule as demagogy or demagoguery if you disapprove of it because you think it involves appealing to people's emotions rather than using reasonable arguments

“The speaker used the word “demagogy” while explaining the research project problem.”

source

a thing, place, activity etc that you get something from

“The speaker used the word “source” while explaining the research project problem.”

viable

a viable idea, plan, or method can work successfully

“During the research project discussion, “viable” signals a particular quality.”

fray

an argument or fight

“Learners saw the word “fray” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

point

a single fact, idea, or opinion that is part of an argument or discussion

“Learners saw the word “point” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

pressure

an attempt to persuade someone by using influence, arguments, or threats

“The speaker used the word “pressure” while explaining the research project problem.”

argument

a situation in which two or more people disagree, often angrily

“A clear definition of the word “argument” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

conclusion

something you decide after considering all the information you have

“The speaker used the word “conclusion” while explaining the research project problem.”

longitude

the distance east or west of a particular meridian (imaginary line along the Earth’s surface from the North Pole to the South Pole), measured in degrees

“A clear definition of the word “longitude” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

entangle

to involve someone in an argument, a relationship, or a situation that is difficult to escape from

“Learners hear “entangle” while following the research project explanation.”

layman

someone who is not trained in a particular subject or type of work, especially when they are being compared with someone who is

“Learners saw the word “layman” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

concession

something that you allow someone to have in order to end an argument or a disagreement

“The research project report includes a section on the word “concession.””

level

the amount or degree of something, compared to another amount or degree

“The research project report includes a section on the word “level.””

statistic

a single number which represents a fact or measurement

“The research project report includes a section on the word “statistic.””

molecule

the smallest unit into which any substance can be divided without losing its own chemical nature, usually consisting of two or more atoms

“Learners saw the word “molecule” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

overcome

to successfully control a feeling or problem that prevents you from achieving something

“In the research project discussion, the verb “overcome” describes an action or change.”

resent

to feel angry or upset about a situation or about something that someone has done, especially because you think that it is not fair

“The speaker explains how “resent” is used in a report about the research project.”

rotate

to turn with a circular movement around a central point, or to make something do this

“A clear example helps learners use “rotate” in a sentence about the research project.”

significant

having an important effect or influence, especially on what will happen in the future

“During the research project discussion, “significant” signals a particular quality.”

superficial

not studying or looking at something carefully and only seeing the most noticeable things

“During the research project discussion, “superficial” signals a particular quality.”

swift

a small brown bird that has pointed wings, flies very fast, and is similar to a swallow

“The speaker used the word “swift” while explaining the research project problem.”

accessory

something such as a piece of equipment or a decoration that is not necessary, but that makes a machine, car, room etc more useful or more attractive

“The research project report includes a section on the word “accessory.””

alienate

to do something that makes someone unfriendly or unwilling to support you

“A clear example helps learners use “alienate” in a sentence about the research project.”

confront

to face someone in a threatening way, as though you are going to attack them

“The speaker explains how “confront” is used in a report about the research project.”

digest

to change food that you have just eaten into substances that your body can use

“In the research project discussion, the verb “digest” describes an action or change.”

evaporate

if a liquid evaporates, or if heat evaporates it, it changes into a gas

“A clear example helps learners use “evaporate” in a sentence about the research project.”

glimpse

to see someone or something for a moment without getting a complete view of them

“The speaker explains how “glimpse” is used in a report about the research project.”

humble

to show that you are not too proud to ask for something, admit you are wrong etc

“The speaker explains how “humble” is used in a report about the research project.”

implement

to take action or make changes that you have officially decided should happen

“A clear example helps learners use “implement” in a sentence about the research project.”

inspire

to encourage someone by making them feel confident and eager to do something

“Learners hear “inspire” while following the research project explanation.”

perception

Someone who has perception realizes or notices things that are not obvious

“The speaker used the word “perception” while explaining the research project problem.”

series

several events or actions of a similar type that happen one after the other

“A clear definition of the word “series” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

suspend

to officially stop something from continuing, especially for a short time

“Learners hear “suspend” while following the research project explanation.”

vivid

vivid memories, dreams, descriptions etc are so clear that they seem real

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as vivid.”

amateur

someone who does an activity just for pleasure, not as their job

“A clear definition of the word “amateur” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

champion

someone or something that has won a competition, especially in sport

“A clear definition of the word “champion” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

coincide

to happen at the same time as something else, especially by chance

“Learners hear “coincide” while following the research project explanation.”

counter

the place where you pay or are served in a shop, bank, restaurant etc

“The research project report includes a section on the word “counter.””

crude

not exact or without any detail, but generally correct and useful

“During the research project discussion, “crude” signals a particular quality.”

dissolve

to formally end a parliament, business arrangement, marriage etc

“The speaker explains how “dissolve” is used in a report about the research project.”

distort

to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct

“The speaker explains how “distort” is used in a report about the research project.”

enthusiastic

feeling or showing a lot of interest and excitement about something

“The report describes the research project issue as enthusiastic.”

exaggerate

to make something seem better, larger, worse etc than it really is

“The speaker explains how “exaggerate” is used in a report about the research project.”

frustrate

to prevent someone’s plans, efforts, or attempts from succeeding

“In the research project discussion, the verb “frustrate” describes an action or change.”

grip

the way you hold something tightly, or your ability to do this

“Learners saw the word “grip” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

illuminate

to make a light shine on something, or to fill a place with light

“In the research project discussion, the verb “illuminate” describes an action or change.”

momentum

the ability to keep increasing, developing, or being more successful

“Learners saw the word “momentum” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

periodical

a magazine, especially one about a serious or technical subject

“The research project report includes a section on the word “periodical.””

positive

The positive in a situation is the good and pleasant aspects of it

“A clear definition of the word “positive” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

suspect

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad

“A clear example helps learners use “suspect” in a sentence about the research project.”

anticipate

to expect that something will happen and be ready for it

“Learners hear “anticipate” while following the research project explanation.”

compound

to make a difficult situation worse by adding more problems

“The speaker explains how “compound” is used in a report about the research project.”

consensus

an opinion that everyone in a group agrees with or accepts

“The speaker used the word “consensus” while explaining the research project problem.”

discharge

to send out gas, liquid, smoke etc, or to allow it to escape

“Learners hear “discharge” while following the research project explanation.”

duplicate

an exact copy of something that you can use in the same way

“A clear definition of the word “duplicate” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

origin

the place or situation in which something begins to exist

“The research project report includes a section on the word “origin.””

outweigh

to be more important or valuable than something else

“In the research project discussion, the verb “outweigh” describes an action or change.”

rural

happening in or relating to the countryside, not the city

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as rural.”

slight

to offend someone by treating them rudely or without respect

“A clear example helps learners use “slight” in a sentence about the research project.”

transparent

if something is transparent, you can see through it

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as transparent.”

triangle

a flat shape with three straight sides and three angles

“Learners saw the word “triangle” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

tube

the system of trains that run under the ground in London

“The research project report includes a section on the word “tube.””

aggressive

an aggressive disease spreads quickly in the body

“The report describes the research project issue as aggressive.”

alter

to change, or to make someone or something change

“In the research project discussion, the verb “alter” describes an action or change.”

altitude

the height of an object or place above the sea

“The research project report includes a section on the word “altitude.””

ambitious

determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc

“The speaker uses “ambitious” to characterize the research project situation.”

clarify

to make something clearer or easier to understand

“Learners hear “clarify” while following the research project explanation.”

classify

to decide what group something belongs to

“Learners hear “classify” while following the research project explanation.”

commute

to regularly travel a long distance to get to work

“Learners hear “commute” while following the research project explanation.”

compensate

to replace or balance the effect of something bad

“A clear example helps learners use “compensate” in a sentence about the research project.”

cube

a solid object with six equal square sides

“A clear definition of the word “cube” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

deceive

to make someone believe something that is not true

“The speaker explains how “deceive” is used in a report about the research project.”

derive

to get a chemical substance from another substance

“A clear example helps learners use “derive” in a sentence about the research project.”

exterior

the outside of something, especially a building

“Learners saw the word “exterior” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

fertile

fertile land or soil is able to produce good crops

“During the research project discussion, “fertile” signals a particular quality.”

hamper

to make it difficult for someone to do something

“The speaker explains how “hamper” is used in a report about the research project.”

pitch

to set up a tent or a camp for a short time

“In the research project discussion, the verb “pitch” describes an action or change.”

plausible

reasonable and likely to be true or successful

“The speaker uses “plausible” to characterize the research project situation.”

poverty

the situation or experience of being poor

“The speaker used the word “poverty” while explaining the research project problem.”

prohibit

to say that an action is illegal or not allowed

“The speaker explains how “prohibit” is used in a report about the research project.”

realm

a general area of knowledge, activity, or thought

“The speaker used the word “realm” while explaining the research project problem.”

simplify

to make something easier or less complicated

“The speaker explains how “simplify” is used in a report about the research project.”

slope

a piece of ground or a surface that slopes

“A clear definition of the word “slope” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

soluble

a soluble substance can be dissolved in a liquid

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as soluble.”

static

Something that is static does not move or change

“The report describes the research project issue as static.”

sympathetic

caring and feeling sorry about someone’s problems

“During the research project discussion, “sympathetic” signals a particular quality.”

transcend

to go beyond the usual limits of something

“Learners hear “transcend” while following the research project explanation.”

vertical

the direction of something that is vertical

“Learners saw the word “vertical” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

casual

not formal or not for a formal situation

“The speaker uses “casual” to characterize the research project situation.”

commodity

a product that is bought and sold

“The speaker used the word “commodity” while explaining the research project problem.”

conscious

noticing or realizing something

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as conscious.”

constant

a number or quantity that never changes

“Learners saw the word “constant” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

emerge

to appear or come out from somewhere

“The speaker explains how “emerge” is used in a report about the research project.”

emit

to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc

“A clear example helps learners use “emit” in a sentence about the research project.”

emphasize

to say something in a strong way

“Learners hear “emphasize” while following the research project explanation.”

enterprise

a company, organization, or business

“The speaker used the word “enterprise” while explaining the research project problem.”

exclude

to deliberately not include something

“Learners hear “exclude” while following the research project explanation.”

exhaust

to make someone feel extremely tired

“Learners hear “exhaust” while following the research project explanation.”

identical

exactly the same, or very similar

“The speaker uses “identical” to characterize the research project situation.”

paramount

more important than anything else

“During the research project discussion, “paramount” signals a particular quality.”

sanction

to officially accept or allow something

“A clear example helps learners use “sanction” in a sentence about the research project.”

slender

thin in an attractive or graceful way

“The speaker uses “slender” to characterize the research project situation.”

accompany

to go somewhere with someone

“A clear example helps learners use “accompany” in a sentence about the research project.”

adverse

not good or favourable

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as adverse.”

decide

to make a choice or judgment about something, especially after considering all the possibilities or arguments

“Learners hear “decide” while following the research project explanation.”

dramatic

exciting or impressive

“The speaker uses “dramatic” to characterize the research project situation.”

intervention

the act of becoming involved in an argument, fight, or other difficult situation in order to change what happens

“The speaker used the word “intervention” while explaining the research project problem.”

obstruct

to block a road, passage etc

“Learners hear “obstruct” while following the research project explanation.”

ridiculous

very silly or unreasonable

“During the research project discussion, “ridiculous” signals a particular quality.”

settlement

an official agreement or decision that ends an argument, a court case, or a fight, or the action of making an agreement

“The speaker used the word “settlement” while explaining the research project problem.”

defend

to use arguments to protect something or someone from criticism, or to prove that something is right

“Learners hear “defend” while following the research project explanation.”

deteriorate

to become worse

“In the research project discussion, the verb “deteriorate” describes an action or change.”

enhance

to improve something

“Learners hear “enhance” while following the research project explanation.”

solar

relating to the sun

“The speaker uses “solar” to characterize the research project situation.”

tabulate

to arrange figures or information together in a set or a list, so that they can be easily compared

“Learners hear “tabulate” while following the research project explanation.”

chaos

a situation in which everything is happening in a confused way and nothing is organized or arranged in order

“Learners saw the word “chaos” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

context

the situation, events, or information that are related to something and that help you to understand it

“The speaker used the word “context” while explaining the research project problem.”

fusion

A fusion of different qualities, ideas, or things is something new that is created by joining them together

“The research project report includes a section on the word “fusion.””

gland

an organ of the body which produces a substance that the body needs, such as hormones, sweat, or saliva

“Learners saw the word “gland” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

insulate

to cover or protect something with a material that stops electricity, sound, heat etc from getting in or out

“The speaker explains how “insulate” is used in a report about the research project.”

neutrality

the state of not supporting either side in an argument or war

“The speaker used the word “neutrality” while explaining the research project problem.”

radiate

if someone radiates a feeling, or if it radiates from them, it is very easy to see that this is how they feel

“Learners hear “radiate” while following the research project explanation.”

rehabilitate

to help someone to live a healthy, useful, or active life again after they have been seriously ill or in prison

“Learners hear “rehabilitate” while following the research project explanation.”

subjective

a state-ment, report, attitude etc that is subjective is influenced by personal opinion and can therefore be unfair

“The report describes the research project issue as subjective.”

systematic

Something that is done in a systematic way is done according to a fixed plan, in a thorough and efficient way

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as systematic.”

transplant

to move an organ, piece of skin etc from one person’s body and put it into another as a form of medical treatment

“A clear example helps learners use “transplant” in a sentence about the research project.”

veil

a thin piece of material that women wear to cover their faces at formal occasions or for religious reasons

“The research project report includes a section on the word “veil.””

consecutive

consecutive numbers or periods of time follow one after the other without any interruptions

“The report describes the research project issue as consecutive.”

elevate

to move someone or something to a more important level or rank, or make them better than before

“Learners hear “elevate” while following the research project explanation.”

hereditary

a quality or illness that is hereditary is passed from a parent to a child before the child is born

“The speaker uses “hereditary” to characterize the research project situation.”

impulse

a sudden strong desire to do something without thinking about whether it is a sensible thing to do

“A clear definition of the word “impulse” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

irony

a situation that is unusual or amusing because something strange happens, or the opposite of what is expected happens or is true

“The speaker used the word “irony” while explaining the research project problem.”

rectangle

a shape that has four straight sides, two of which are usually longer than the other two, and four 90˚ angles at the corners

“The speaker used the word “rectangle” while explaining the research project problem.”

resilience

the ability to become strong, happy, or successful again after a difficult situation or event

“A clear definition of the word “resilience” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

souvenir

an object that you buy or keep to remind yourself of a special occasion or a place you have visited

“A clear definition of the word “souvenir” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

variation

a difference between similar things, or a change from the usual amount or form of something

“The speaker used the word “variation” while explaining the research project problem.”

vicious

very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt someone’s feelings or make their character seem bad

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as vicious.”

zoology

the scientific study of animals and their behaviour

“A clear definition of the word “zoology” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

erosion

the process by which rock or soil is gradually destroyed by wind, rain, or the sea

“A clear definition of the word “erosion” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

gamble

to risk money or possessions on the result of something such as a game or a race, when you do not know for certain what the result will be

“In the research project discussion, the verb “gamble” describes an action or change.”

induce

to persuade someone to do something, especially something that does not seem wise

“In the research project discussion, the verb “induce” describes an action or change.”

juvenile

A juvenile is a child or young person who is not yet old enough to be regarded as an adult

“Learners saw the word “juvenile” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

juxtaposition

The juxtaposition of two contrasting objects, images, or ideas is the fact that they are placed together or described together, so that the differences between them are emphasized

“The speaker used the word “juxtaposition” while explaining the research project problem.”

nowadays

now, compared with what happened in the past

“The team responded nowadays when the research project plan changed.”

rampant

a plant that is rampant grows and spreads quickly, in a way that is difficult to control

“During the research project discussion, “rampant” signals a particular quality.”

revive

to bring something back after it has not been used or has not existed for a period of time

“The speaker explains how “revive” is used in a report about the research project.”

avalanche

a large mass of snow, ice, and rocks that falls down the side of a mountain

“A clear definition of the word “avalanche” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

catastrophe

a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction, suffering, or death

“Learners saw the word “catastrophe” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

concede

to admit that something is true or correct, although you wish it were not true

“The speaker explains how “concede” is used in a report about the research project.”

considerable

fairly large, especially large enough to have an effect or be important

“During the research project discussion, “considerable” signals a particular quality.”

contradict

to disagree with something, especially by saying that the opposite is true

“A clear example helps learners use “contradict” in a sentence about the research project.”

cylinder

a shape, object, or container with circular ends and long straight sides

“Learners saw the word “cylinder” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

diversion

a change in the direction or use of something, or the act of changing it

“A clear definition of the word “diversion” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

dormant

not active or not growing at the present time but able to be active later

“The speaker uses “dormant” to characterize the research project situation.”

fuse

a short thin piece of wire inside electrical equipment which prevents damage by melting and stopping the electricity when there is too much power

“A clear definition of the word “fuse” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

impetus

an influence that makes something happen or makes it happen more quickly

“A clear definition of the word “impetus” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

inject

to put liquid, especially a drug, into someone’s body by using a special needle

“The speaker explains how “inject” is used in a report about the research project.”

maintenance

the repairs, painting etc that are necessary to keep something in good condition

“A clear definition of the word “maintenance” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

medieval

connected with the Middle Ages ( the period between about 1100 and 1500 AD )

“During the research project discussion, “medieval” signals a particular quality.”

notable

important, interesting, excellent, or unusual enough to be noticed or mentioned

“The speaker uses “notable” to characterize the research project situation.”

occasion

An occasion is a time when something happens, or a case of it happening

“A clear definition of the word “occasion” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

pamphlet

a very thin book with paper covers, that gives information about something

“A clear definition of the word “pamphlet” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

pedestrian

someone who is walking, especially along a street or other place used by cars

“A clear definition of the word “pedestrian” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

pretentious

if someone or something is pretentious, they try to seem more important, intelligent, or high class than they really are in order to be impressive

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as pretentious.”

shatter

to break suddenly into very small pieces, or to make something break in this way

“A clear example helps learners use “shatter” in a sentence about the research project.”

stimulus

something that helps a process to develop more quickly or more strongly

“Learners saw the word “stimulus” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

alternative

something you can choose to do or use instead of something else

“A clear definition of the word “alternative” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

analogy

something that seems similar between two situations, processes etc

“A clear definition of the word “analogy” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

cue

an action or event that is a signal for something else to happen

“The speaker used the word “cue” while explaining the research project problem.”

discriminate

to treat a person or group differently from another in an unfair way

“In the research project discussion, the verb “discriminate” describes an action or change.”

foster

to help a skill, feeling, idea etc develop over a period of time

“A clear example helps learners use “foster” in a sentence about the research project.”

manifest

a list of passengers or goods carried on a ship, plane, or train

“A clear definition of the word “manifest” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

nurture

to feed and take care of a child or a plant while it is growing

“The speaker explains how “nurture” is used in a report about the research project.”

opaque

opaque glass or liquid is difficult to see through and often thick

“During the research project discussion, “opaque” signals a particular quality.”

overlap

the amount by which two activities, ideas, things etc overlap

“The speaker used the word “overlap” while explaining the research project problem.”

oxide

a substance which is produced when a substance is combined with oxygen

“The speaker used the word “oxide” while explaining the research project problem.”

repel

to make someone who is attacking you go away, by fighting them

“In the research project discussion, the verb “repel” describes an action or change.”

subtle

not easy to notice or understand unless you pay careful attention

“During the research project discussion, “subtle” signals a particular quality.”

trigger

to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events

“In the research project discussion, the verb “trigger” describes an action or change.”

advent

the time when something first begins to be widely used

“Learners saw the word “advent” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

aggravate

to make a bad situation, an illness, or an injury worse

“Learners hear “aggravate” while following the research project explanation.”

approval

when a plan, decision, or person is officially accepted

“The speaker used the word “approval” while explaining the research project problem.”

aspire

to desire and work towards achieving something important

“In the research project discussion, the verb “aspire” describes an action or change.”

cereal

a breakfast food made from grain and usually eaten with milk

“The research project report includes a section on the word “cereal.””

charge

to state officially that someone may be guilty of a crime

“Learners hear “charge” while following the research project explanation.”

demolish

to prove that an idea or opinion is completely wrong

“The speaker explains how “demolish” is used in a report about the research project.”

deplete

To deplete a stock or amount of something means to reduce it

“A clear example helps learners use “deplete” in a sentence about the research project.”

displace

to take the place or position of something or someone

“The speaker explains how “displace” is used in a report about the research project.”

dwindle

to gradually become less and less or smaller and smaller

“A clear example helps learners use “dwindle” in a sentence about the research project.”

eject

to make someone leave a place or building by using force

“A clear example helps learners use “eject” in a sentence about the research project.”

excavate

to make a hole in the ground by digging up soil etc

“The speaker explains how “excavate” is used in a report about the research project.”

extinct

an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist any more

“During the research project discussion, “extinct” signals a particular quality.”

hinder

to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed

“Learners hear “hinder” while following the research project explanation.”

illusion

an idea or opinion that is wrong, especially about yourself

“A clear definition of the word “illusion” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

impair

to damage something or make it not as good as it should be

“Learners hear “impair” while following the research project explanation.”

inhibit

to prevent something from growing or developing well

“A clear example helps learners use “inhibit” in a sentence about the research project.”

marsh

an area of low flat ground that is always wet and soft

“A clear definition of the word “marsh” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

perimeter

the whole length of the border around an area or shape

“The speaker used the word “perimeter” while explaining the research project problem.”

polish

an act of polishing a surface to make it smooth and shiny

“A clear definition of the word “polish” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

simultaneous

things that are simultaneous happen at exactly the same time

“The speaker uses “simultaneous” to characterize the research project situation.”

surpass

to be even better or greater than someone or something else

“The speaker explains how “surpass” is used in a report about the research project.”

toxic

containing poison, or caused by poisonous substances

“During the research project discussion, “toxic” signals a particular quality.”

transition

when something changes from one form or state to another

“A clear definition of the word “transition” helped the group discuss the research project topic.”

vegetation

Plants, trees, and flowers can be referred to as vegetation

“Learners saw the word “vegetation” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

virus

a very small living thing that causes infectious illnesses

“The speaker used the word “virus” while explaining the research project problem.”

vulnerable

someone who is vulnerable can be easily harmed or hurt

“The report describes the research project issue as vulnerable.”

divert

to change the direction in which something travels

“Learners hear “divert” while following the research project explanation.”

dynamic

relating to a force or power that causes movement

“The speaker uses “dynamic” to characterize the research project situation.”

essence

the most basic and important quality of something

“Learners saw the word “essence” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

esteem

to respect and admire someone or something

“A clear example helps learners use “esteem” in a sentence about the research project.”

evoke

to produce a strong feeling or memory in someone

“Learners hear “evoke” while following the research project explanation.”

fragile

weak and uncertain; easily destroyed or spoilt

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as fragile.”

intelligible

Something that is intelligible can be understood

“The report describes the research project issue as intelligible.”

junction

a place where one road, track etc joins another

“Learners saw the word “junction” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

magnitude

the great size or importance of something

“Learners saw the word “magnitude” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

propel

to move, drive, or push something forward

“Learners hear “propel” while following the research project explanation.”

temper

a tendency to become angry suddenly or easily

“The speaker used the word “temper” while explaining the research project problem.”

thermal

a rising current of warm air used by birds

“The speaker used the word “thermal” while explaining the research project problem.”

versatile

someone who is versatile has many different skills

“During the research project discussion, “versatile” signals a particular quality.”

absurd

completely stupid or unreasonable

“The speaker uses “absurd” to characterize the research project situation.”

deliberate

to think about something very carefully

“The speaker explains how “deliberate” is used in a report about the research project.”

edible

something that is edible can be eaten

“The speaker uses “edible” to characterize the research project situation.”

eternal

continuing for ever and having no end

“During the research project discussion, “eternal” signals a particular quality.”

fascinate

to attract or interest sb very much

“Learners hear “fascinate” while following the research project explanation.”

imaginative

containing new and interesting ideas

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as imaginative.”

legitimate

to make something official or legal

“The speaker explains how “legitimate” is used in a report about the research project.”

lethal

causing death, or able to cause death

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as lethal.”

monotonous

boring because of always being the same

“The speaker uses “monotonous” to characterize the research project situation.”

mundane

ordinary and not interesting or exciting

“The report describes the research project issue as mundane.”

notorious

famous or well-known for something bad

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as notorious.”

profound

having a strong influence or effect

“The speaker uses “profound” to characterize the research project situation.”

robust

a robust person is strong and healthy

“During the research project discussion, “robust” signals a particular quality.”

stationary

standing still instead of moving

“Researchers describe the research project evidence as stationary.”

dial

the round part of a clock, watch, machine etc that has numbers that show you the time or a measurement

“Learners saw the word “dial” while comparing two sides of the research project issue.”

genetic

relating to genes or genetics

“During the research project discussion, “genetic” signals a particular quality.”

mainland

the main area of land that forms a country, as compared to islands near it that are also part of that country

“The research project report includes a section on the word “mainland.””

maritime

relating to the sea or ships

“The report describes the research project issue as maritime.”

plus

something that is an advantage

“The research project report includes a section on the word “plus.””