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IELTS Environment and science

Listening & Reading: Environment & change

Language for following talks, locating detail, and tracking ideas in longer texts. Focus: environment & change.

Independent IELTS study resource — not official exam material.

  • Teens and up
  • Environment & science
  • Confident · B2
  • 250 words

The words

Every word in this set, with what it means. Tap a word to hear it.

environment
the air, water, and land on Earth, which is affected by man’s activities
“The speaker used the word “environment” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
drainage
the process or system by which water or waste liquid flows away
“A clear definition of the word “drainage” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
terrestrial
relating to the Earth rather than to the moon or other planets
“The speaker uses “terrestrial” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
environmental
concerning or affecting the air, land, or water on Earth
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as environmental.”
environmentalism
Environmentalism is used to describe actions and policies that show a concern with protecting and preserving the natural environment, for example, by preventing pollution
“A clear definition of the word “environmentalism” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
mineral
a substance that is formed naturally in the earth, such as coal, salt, stone, or gold. Minerals can be dug out of the ground and used
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “mineral.””
pollution
the process of making air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use, or the state of being dangerously dirty
“Learners saw the word “pollution” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
ecological
connected with the way plants, animals, and people are related to each other and to their environment
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as ecological.”
sustainable
able to continue without causing damage to the environment
“During the environmental project discussion, “sustainable” signals a particular quality.”
canal
a long passage dug into the ground and filled with water, either for boats to travel along, or to take water to a place
“A clear definition of the word “canal” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
renewable
renewable energy replaces itself naturally, or is easily replaced because there is a large supply of it
“The speaker uses “renewable” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
pond
a small area of fresh water that is smaller than a lake, that is either natural or artificially made
“The speaker used the word “pond” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
bread
a type of food made from flour and water that is mixed together and then baked
“Learners saw the word “bread” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
sanitation
the protection of public health by removing and treating waste, dirty water etc
“Learners saw the word “sanitation” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
filter
to remove unwanted substances from water, air etc by passing it through a special substance or piece of equipment
“Learners hear “filter” while following the environmental project explanation.”
orbit
the curved path travelled by an object which is moving around another much larger object such as the Earth, the Sun etc
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “orbit.””
waste
to use more money, time, energy etc than is useful or sensible
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “waste” describes an action or change.”
decay
to be slowly destroyed by a natural chemical process, or to make something do this
“Learners hear “decay” while following the environmental project explanation.”
drought
a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live
“The speaker used the word “drought” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
gravity
the force that causes something to fall to the ground or to be attracted to another planet
“Learners saw the word “gravity” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
condense
to make a liquid thicker by removing some of the water
“A clear example helps learners use “condense” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
submarine
a ship, especially a military one, that can stay under water
“Learners saw the word “submarine” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
resource
the ability to deal with practical problems
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “resource.””
swamp
to suddenly cover an area with a lot of water
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “swamp” describes an action or change.”
sewage
the mixture of waste from the human body and used water, that is carried away from houses by pipes under the ground
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “sewage.””
sewerage
the system by which waste material and used water are carried away in sewers and then treated to stop it being harmful
“A clear definition of the word “sewerage” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
slag
a waste material similar to glass, which remains after metal has been obtained from rock
“A clear definition of the word “slag” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
turtle
a reptile that lives mainly in water and has a soft body covered by a hard shell
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “turtle.””
dough
a mixture of flour and water ready to be baked into bread, pastry etc
“A clear definition of the word “dough” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
geology
the study of the rocks, soil etc that make up the Earth, and of the way they have changed since the Earth was formed
“Learners saw the word “geology” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
inherent
a quality that is inherent in something is a natural part of it and cannot be separated from it
“The speaker uses “inherent” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
hurricane
a storm that has very strong fast winds and that moves over water
“The speaker used the word “hurricane” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
inundate
to cover an area with a large amount of water
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “inundate” describes an action or change.”
saline
a special mixture of water and salt
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “saline.””
aquifer
In geology, an aquifer is an area of rock underneath the surface of the earth which absorbs and holds water
“The speaker used the word “aquifer” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
embankment
a wide wall of earth or stones built to stop water from flooding an area, or to support a road or railway
“Learners saw the word “embankment” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
sedimentation
the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “sedimentation.””
hydrosphere
the watery part of the earth's surface, including oceans, lakes, water vapour in the atmosphere, etc
“The speaker used the word “hydrosphere” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
landform
A landform is any natural feature of the Earth's surface, such as a hill, a lake, or a beach
“A clear definition of the word “landform” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
leaven
a substance, especially yeast, that is added to a mixture of flour and water so that it will swell and can be baked into bread
“A clear definition of the word “leaven” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
biodegradable
materials, chemicals etc that are biodegradable are changed naturally by bacteria into substances that do not harm the environment
“The speaker uses “biodegradable” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
conduction
the passage of electricity through wires, heat through metal, water through pipes etc
“Learners saw the word “conduction” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
insulin
a substance produced naturally by your body which allows sugar to be used for energy
“Learners saw the word “insulin” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
silicate
one of a group of common solid mineral substances that exist naturally in the Earth
“Learners saw the word “silicate” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
conduit
a pipe or passage through which water, gas, a set of electric wires etc passes
“Learners saw the word “conduit” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
magnetosphere
the region surrounding a planet, such as the earth, in which the behaviour of charged particles is controlled by the planet's magnetic field
“Learners saw the word “magnetosphere” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
crystal
a small piece of a substance with many even sides, that is formed naturally when the substance becomes solid
“Learners saw the word “crystal” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
detritus
pieces of waste that remain after something has been broken up or used
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “detritus.””
nitrogen
a gas that has no colour or smell, and that forms most of the Earth’s air. It is a chemical element: symbol N
“Learners saw the word “nitrogen” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
efficient
if someone or something is efficient, they work well without wasting time, money, or energy
“The speaker uses “efficient” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
petroleum
oil that is obtained from below the surface of the Earth and is used to make petrol, paraffin , and various chemical substances
“The speaker used the word “petroleum” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
friction
the natural force that prevents one surface from sliding easily over another surface
“Learners saw the word “friction” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
fuel
a substance such as coal, gas, or oil that can be burned to produce heat or energy
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “fuel.””
slurry
a mixture of water and mud, coal, or animal waste
“The speaker used the word “slurry” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
sustain
to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time
“A clear example helps learners use “sustain” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
consumption
the amount of energy, oil, electricity etc that is used
“A clear definition of the word “consumption” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
current
a continuous movement of water in a river, lake, or sea
“A clear definition of the word “current” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
hydrogen
a colourless gas that is the lightest of all gases, forms water when it combines with oxygen, and is used to produce ammonia and other chemicals. It is a chemical element
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “hydrogen.””
planet
A planet is a large, round object in space that moves around a star. The Earth is a planet.
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “planet.””
conservation
the protection of natural things such as animals, plants, forests etc, to prevent them from being spoiled or destroyed
“A clear definition of the word “conservation” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
scenery
the natural features of a particular part of a country that you can see, such as mountains, forests, deserts etc
“The speaker used the word “scenery” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
artificial
not real or not made of natural things but made to be like something that is real or natural
“The report describes the environmental project issue as artificial.”
concrete
a substance used for building that is made by mixing sand, small stones, cement , and water
“A clear definition of the word “concrete” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
heal
to make someone who is ill become healthy again, especially by using natural powers or prayer
“Learners hear “heal” while following the environmental project explanation.”
reservoir
a lake, especially an artificial one, where water is stored before it is supplied to people’s houses
“The speaker used the word “reservoir” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
myth
an ancient story, especially one invented in order to explain natural or historical events
“Learners saw the word “myth” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
dilute
a dilute liquid has been made weaker by the addition of water or another liquid
“During the environmental project discussion, “dilute” signals a particular quality.”
metabolism
the chemical processes by which food is changed into energy in your body
“The speaker used the word “metabolism” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
starch
a substance which provides your body with energy and is found in foods such as grain, rice, and potatoes, or a food that contains this substance
“The speaker used the word “starch” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
strenuous
A strenuous activity or action involves a lot of energy or effort
“The report describes the environmental project issue as strenuous.”
expend
to use or spend a lot of energy etc in order to do something
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “expend” describes an action or change.”
generate
to produce heat, electricity, or another form of energy
“A clear example helps learners use “generate” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
harness
to control and use the natural force or power of something
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “harness” describes an action or change.”
vitality
great energy and eagerness to do things
“Learners saw the word “vitality” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
aquatic
living or growing in water
“The report describes the environmental project issue as aquatic.”
penis
the outer sex organ of men and male animals, which is used for sex and through which waste water comes out of the body
“A clear definition of the word “penis” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
afloat
If someone or something is afloat, they remain partly above the surface of water and do not sink
“The result was described afloat in the final environmental project paragraph.”
reallocate
When organizations reallocate money or resources, they decide to change the way they spend the money or use the resources
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “reallocate” describes an action or change.”
river
a natural and continuous flow of water in a long line across a country into the sea
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “river.””
backwater
a part of a river away from the main part, where the water does not move
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “backwater.””
diarrhoea
an illness in which waste from the bowel s is watery and comes out often
“A clear definition of the word “diarrhoea” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is electricity made from the energy of running water
“A clear definition of the word “hydroelectricity” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
sea
the large area of salty water that covers much of the Earth’s surface
“The speaker used the word “sea” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
ecosystem
all the animals and plants in a particular area, and the way in which they are related to each other and to their environment
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “ecosystem.””
equator
an imaginary line drawn around the middle of the Earth that is exactly the same distance from the North Pole and the South Pole
“The speaker used the word “equator” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
kidney
one of the two organs in your lower back that separate waste products from your blood and make urine
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “kidney.””
precious
something that is precious is valuable and important and should not be wasted or used without care
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as precious.”
hull
the main part of a ship that goes in the water
“The speaker used the word “hull” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
plug
a round flat piece of rubber used for stopping the water flowing out of a bath or sink
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “plug.””
pollute
to make air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use
“The speaker explains how “pollute” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
shrink
to become smaller, or to make something smaller, through the effects of heat or water
“A clear example helps learners use “shrink” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
axis
the imaginary line around which a large round object, such as the Earth, turns
“The speaker used the word “axis” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
drown
to die from being under water for too long, or to kill someone in this way
“Learners hear “drown” while following the environmental project explanation.”
hemisphere
a half of the Earth, especially one of the halves above and below the equator
“Learners saw the word “hemisphere” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
pigment
a natural substance that makes skin, hair, plants etc a particular colour
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “pigment.””
calorie
a unit for measuring the amount of energy that food will produce
“A clear definition of the word “calorie” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
garbage
waste material, such as paper, empty containers, and food thrown away
“The speaker used the word “garbage” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
grace
a smooth way of moving that looks natural, relaxed, and attractive
“Learners saw the word “grace” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
inborn
an inborn quality or ability is one you have had naturally since birth
“The report describes the environmental project issue as inborn.”
liquid
a substance that is not a solid or a gas, for example water or milk
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “liquid.””
rot
to decay by a gradual natural process, or to make something do this
“The speaker explains how “rot” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
vigorous
using a lot of energy and strength or determination
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as vigorous.”
spit
the watery liquid that is produced in your mouth
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “spit.””
humidity
the amount of water contained in the air
“The speaker used the word “humidity” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
harbour
an area of water next to the land where the water is calm, so that ships are safe when they are inside it
“A clear definition of the word “harbour” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
efficiency
the quality of doing something well and effectively, without wasting time, money, or energy
“The speaker used the word “efficiency” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
explosion
a loud sound and the energy produced by something such as a bomb bursting into small pieces
“The speaker used the word “explosion” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
dam
a special wall built across a river or stream to stop the water from flowing, especially in order to make a lake or produce electricity
“Learners saw the word “dam” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
dearth
a situation in which there are very few of something that people want or need
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “dearth.””
distill
to make a liquid such as water or alcohol more pure by heating it so that it becomes a gas and then letting it cool. Drinks such as whisky are made this way.
“The speaker explains how “distill” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
Fahrenheit
a scale of temperature in which water freezes at 32˚ and boils at 212˚
“Learners saw the word “fahrenheit” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
nuclear
relating to or involving the nucleus of an atom, or the energy produced when the nucleus of an atom is either split or joined with the nucleus of another atom
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as nuclear.”
earthworm
a common type of long thin brown worm that lives in soil
“The speaker used the word “earthworm” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
reflection
an image that you can see in a mirror, glass, or water
“A clear definition of the word “reflection” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
drain
to make the water or liquid in something flow away
“Learners hear “drain” while following the environmental project explanation.”
ore
rock or earth from which metal can be obtained
“Learners saw the word “ore” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
sink
to go down below the surface of water, mud etc
“The speaker explains how “sink” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
steam
the hot mist that water produces when it is boiled
“Learners saw the word “steam” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
sonar
equipment on a ship or submarine that uses sound waves to find out the position of objects under the water
“A clear definition of the word “sonar” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
centigrade
a scale for measuring temperature, in which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as centigrade.”
corrosion
the gradual destruction of metal by the effect of water, chemicals etc or a substance such as rust produced by this process
“Learners saw the word “corrosion” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
tonic
a drink that you have as a medicine to give you more energy or strength when you feel tired
“The speaker used the word “tonic” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
atomic
relating to the energy produced by splitting atoms or the weapons that use this energy
“The speaker uses “atomic” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
manure
waste matter from animals that is mixed with soil to improve the soil and help plants grow
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “manure.””
root
the part of a plant or tree that grows under the ground and gets water from the soil
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “root.””
salt
a natural white mineral that is added to food to make it taste better or to preserve it
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “salt.””
setting
the place where something is or where something happens, and the general environment
“Learners saw the word “setting” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
arid
arid land or an arid climate is very dry because it has very little rain
“The report describes the environmental project issue as arid.”
benign
a benign tumour (= unnatural growth in the body ) is not caused by cancer
“During the environmental project discussion, “benign” signals a particular quality.”
clay
a type of heavy sticky earth that can be used for making pots, bricks etc
“The speaker used the word “clay” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
earthquake
a sudden shaking of the earth’s surface that often causes a lot of damage
“A clear definition of the word “earthquake” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
paddle
to walk for pleasure without shoes or socks in water that is not very deep
“Learners hear “paddle” while following the environmental project explanation.”
shovel
a tool with a rounded blade and a long handle used for moving earth, stones etc
“The speaker used the word “shovel” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
traverse
to move across, over, or through something, especially an area of land or water
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “traverse” describes an action or change.”
knead
to press a mixture of flour and water many times with your hands
“A clear example helps learners use “knead” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
plough
to turn over the earth using a plough so that seeds can be planted
“A clear example helps learners use “plough” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
soda
water that contains bubbles and is often added to alcoholic drinks
“A clear definition of the word “soda” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
zealous
someone who is zealous does or supports something with great energy
“During the environmental project discussion, “zealous” signals a particular quality.”
hydraulic
moved or operated by the pressure of water or other liquid
“The speaker uses “hydraulic” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
sap
the watery substance that carries food through a plant
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “sap.””
eddy
a circular movement of water, wind, dust etc
“Learners hear “eddy” while following the environmental project explanation.”
expanse
a very large area of water, sky, land etc
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “expanse.””
flair
a natural ability to do something very well
“Learners saw the word “flair” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
navigate
to sail along a river or other area of water
“A clear example helps learners use “navigate” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
premature
happening before the natural or proper time
“The speaker uses “premature” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
squander
to carelessly waste money, time, opportunities etc
“A clear example helps learners use “squander” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
atmospheric
relating to the Earth’s atmosphere
“During the environmental project discussion, “atmospheric” signals a particular quality.”
oasis
a place with water and trees in a desert
“A clear definition of the word “oasis” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
stratum
a layer of rock or earth
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “stratum.””
alkaloid
any of a group of nitrogenous basic compounds found in plants, typically insoluble in water and physiologically active
“The speaker used the word “alkaloid” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
corrode
if metal corrodes, or if something corrodes it, it is slowly destroyed by the effect of water, chemicals etc
“Learners hear “corrode” while following the environmental project explanation.”
nutritious
food that is nutritious is full of the natural substances that your body needs to stay healthy or to grow properly
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as nutritious.”
plankton
the very small forms of plant and animal life that live in water, especially the sea, and are eaten by fish
“A clear definition of the word “plankton” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
prodigy
A prodigy is someone young who has a great natural ability for something such as music, mathematics, or sports
“Learners saw the word “prodigy” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
silt
sand, mud, soil etc that is carried in water and then settles at a bend in a river, an entrance to a port etc
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “silt.””
aqueduct
An aqueduct is a large pipe or canal that carries a water supply to a city or a farming area
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “aqueduct.””
baffle
a board, sheet of metal etc that controls the flow of air, water, or sound into or out of something
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “baffle.””
gravitation
the force that causes two objects such as planets to move towards each other because of their mass
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “gravitation.””
hose
a long rubber or plastic tube that can be moved and bent to put water onto fires, gardens etc
“A clear definition of the word “hose” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
pollutant
a substance that makes air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty, and is caused by cars, factories etc
“A clear definition of the word “pollutant” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
sanitary
relating to the ways that dirt, infection, and waste are removed, so that places are clean and healthy for people to live in
“During the environmental project discussion, “sanitary” signals a particular quality.”
planetarium
a building where lights on a curved ceiling show the movements of planets and stars
“Learners saw the word “planetarium” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
satellite
a machine that has been sent into space and goes around the Earth, moon etc, used for radio, television, and other electronic communication
“A clear definition of the word “satellite” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
torrent
a large amount of water moving very quickly and strongly in a particular direction
“Learners saw the word “torrent” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
wilderness
A wilderness is a desert or other area of natural land which is not used by people
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “wilderness.””
algae
a very simple plant without stems or leaves that grows in or near water
“Learners saw the word “algae” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
primeval
belonging to the earliest time in the existence of the universe or the Earth
“The report describes the environmental project issue as primeval.”
stream
a flow of water, air, smoke etc, or the direction in which it is flowing
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “stream.””
aquarium
a clear glass or plastic container for fish and other water animals
“The speaker used the word “aquarium” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
brine
water that contains a lot of salt and is used for preserving food
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “brine.””
capsize
if a boat capsizes, or if you capsize it, it turns over in the water
“A clear example helps learners use “capsize” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
excrement
the solid waste material that you get rid of through your bowels
“A clear definition of the word “excrement” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
flood
a very large amount of water that covers an area that is usually dry
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “flood.””
permeable
material that is permeable allows water, gas etc to pass through it
“The speaker uses “permeable” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
primordial
existing at the beginning of time or the beginning of the Earth
“During the environmental project discussion, “primordial” signals a particular quality.”
sleek
to make hair or fur smooth and shiny by putting water or oil on it
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “sleek” describes an action or change.”
waterfront
the part of a town or an area of land next to the sea, a river etc
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “waterfront.””
air
the mixture of gases around the Earth, that we breathe
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “air.””
biological
relating to the natural processes performed by living things
“The speaker uses “biological” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
cascade
a small steep waterfall that is one of several together
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “cascade.””
amphibious
able to live both on land and in water
“The speaker uses “amphibious” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
animate
to give life or energy to something
“A clear example helps learners use “animate” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
dead
a dead planet has no life on it
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as dead.”
habitat
the natural home of a plant or animal
“The speaker used the word “habitat” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
moderate
to make something less extreme or violent, or to become less extreme or violent
“The speaker explains how “moderate” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
occasion
An occasion is a time when something happens, or a case of it happening
“A clear definition of the word “occasion” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
opponent
someone who you try to defeat in a competition, game, fight, or argument
“A clear definition of the word “opponent” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
relevant
directly relating to the subject or problem being discussed or considered
“The speaker uses “relevant” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
scale
the size or level of something, or the amount that something is happening
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “scale.””
seismic
relating to or caused by earthquakes
“The speaker uses “seismic” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
status
the official legal position or condition of a person, group, country etc
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “status.””
stock
a supply of a particular type of thing that a shop has available to sell
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “stock.””
subterranean
beneath the surface of the earth
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as subterranean.”
superior
someone who has a higher rank or position than you, especially in a job
“The speaker used the word “superior” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
talent
a natural ability to do something well
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “talent.””
transfer
the act of changing from one bus, aircraft etc to another while travelling
“The speaker used the word “transfer” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
trial
a process of testing to find out whether something works effectively and is safe
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “trial.””
component
the component parts of something are the parts that it consists of
“During the environmental project discussion, “component” signals a particular quality.”
convey
to communicate or express something, with or without using words
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “convey” describes an action or change.”
demonstrate
to show or describe how to do something or how something works
“Learners hear “demonstrate” while following the environmental project explanation.”
dismiss
to tell someone that they are allowed to go, or are no longer needed
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “dismiss” describes an action or change.”
disturb
to interrupt someone so that they cannot continue what they are doing
“The speaker explains how “disturb” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
eliminate
to completely get rid of something that is unnecessary or unwanted
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “eliminate” describes an action or change.”
perceive
to understand or think of something or someone in a particular way
“A clear example helps learners use “perceive” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
permanent
continuing to exist for a long time or for all the time in the future
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as permanent.”
procedure
a way of doing something, especially the correct or usual way
“The speaker used the word “procedure” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
reasonable
A reasonable amount of something is a fairly large amount of it
“The report describes the environmental project issue as reasonable.”
solution
a way of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation
“The speaker used the word “solution” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
typical
having the usual features or qualities of a particular group or thing
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as typical.”
abandon
to leave someone, especially someone you are responsible for
“A clear example helps learners use “abandon” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
acute
an acute illness or disease quickly becomes very serious
“Researchers describe the environmental project evidence as acute.”
approval
when a plan, decision, or person is officially accepted
“The speaker used the word “approval” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
charge
to state officially that someone may be guilty of a crime
“Learners hear “charge” while following the environmental project explanation.”
encounter
to experience something, especially problems or opposition
“A clear example helps learners use “encounter” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
enforce
to make something happen or force someone to do something
“Learners hear “enforce” while following the environmental project explanation.”
excess
a larger amount of something than is allowed or needed
“A clear definition of the word “excess” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
execute
to kill someone, especially legally as a punishment
“A clear example helps learners use “execute” in a sentence about the environmental project.”
interval
the period of time between two events, activities etc
“The speaker used the word “interval” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
proportion
A proportion of a group or an amount is a part of it
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “proportion.””
range
the limits within which amounts, quantities, ages etc vary
“The speaker used the word “range” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
recover
to get better after an illness, accident, shock etc
“Learners hear “recover” while following the environmental project explanation.”
regulate
to control an activity or process, especially by rules
“The speaker explains how “regulate” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
release
to let someone go free, after having kept them somewhere
“The speaker explains how “release” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
schedule
to plan that something will happen at a particular time
“The speaker explains how “schedule” is used in a report about the environmental project.”
stimulate
to encourage or help an activity to begin or develop further
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “stimulate” describes an action or change.”
terminal
a terminal illness cannot be cured, and causes death
“The report describes the environmental project issue as terminal.”
volume
the amount of sound produced by a television, radio etc
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “volume.””
acquire
to obtain something by buying it or being given it
“Learners hear “acquire” while following the environmental project explanation.”
annual
a plant that lives for one year or season
“A clear definition of the word “annual” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
assemble
to put all the parts of something together
“In the environmental project discussion, the verb “assemble” describes an action or change.”
dimension
a part of a situation or a quality involved in it
“Learners saw the word “dimension” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”
dynamic
relating to a force or power that causes movement
“The speaker uses “dynamic” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
exceed
to be more than a particular number or amount
“Learners hear “exceed” while following the environmental project explanation.”
native
a person who was born in a particular place
“A clear definition of the word “native” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
option
a choice you can make in a particular situation
“The speaker used the word “option” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
temporary
continuing for only a limited period of time
“During the environmental project discussion, “temporary” signals a particular quality.”
output
the information produced by a computer
“The speaker used the word “output” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
participate
to take part in an activity or event
“Learners hear “participate” while following the environmental project explanation.”
promote
to help something to develop or increase
“Learners hear “promote” while following the environmental project explanation.”
subsequent
happening or coming after something else
“During the environmental project discussion, “subsequent” signals a particular quality.”
definite
clearly known, seen, or stated
“The report describes the environmental project issue as definite.”
enormous
very big in size or in amount
“The report describes the environmental project issue as enormous.”
friendly
behaving towards someone in a way that shows you like them and are ready to talk to them or help them
“The speaker uses “friendly” to characterize the environmental project situation.”
mainland
the main area of land that forms a country, as compared to islands near it that are also part of that country
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “mainland.””
moon
the round object that you can see shining in the sky at night, and that moves around the Earth every 28 days
“The speaker used the word “moon” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
philosopher
someone who studies and develops ideas about the nature and meaning of existence, truth, good and evil etc
“The speaker used the word “philosopher” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
plus
something that is an advantage
“The environmental project report includes a section on the word “plus.””
poem
a piece of writing that expresses emotions, experiences, and ideas, especially in short lines using words that rhyme
“The speaker used the word “poem” while explaining the environmental project problem.”
radiation
a form of energy that comes especially from nuclear reactions, which in large amounts is very harmful to living things
“A clear definition of the word “radiation” helped the group discuss the environmental project topic.”
throat
the passage from the back of your mouth to the top of the tubes that go down to your lungs and stomach
“Learners saw the word “throat” while comparing two sides of the environmental project issue.”