Verbal Reasoning: Education & campus

seminar

a class at a university or college for a small group of students and a teacher to study or discuss a particular subject

“A clear definition of the word “seminar” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

education

the process of teaching and learning, usually at school, college, or university

“The university study report includes a section on the word “education.””

diploma

a document showing that a student has successfully completed their high school or university education

“Learners saw the word “diploma” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

academic

relating to education, especially at college or university level

“During the university study discussion, “academic” signals a particular quality.”

educate

to teach a child at a school, college, or university

“A clear example helps learners use “educate” in a sentence about the university study.”

commencement

a ceremony at which university, college, or high school students receive their diplomas

“A clear definition of the word “commencement” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

syllabus

a plan that states exactly what students at a school or college should learn in a particular subject

“A clear definition of the word “syllabus” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

scheme

an official plan that is intended to help people in some way, for example by providing education or training

“The speaker used the word “scheme” while explaining the university study problem.”

extracurricular

extracurricular activities are not part of the course that a student is doing at a school or college

“The report describes the university study issue as extracurricular.”

university

an educational institution at the highest level, where you study for a degree

“In this university study, the word “university” helps express a precise idea.”

lecture

a long talk on a particular subject that someone gives to a group of people, especially to students in a university

“The university study report includes a section on the word “lecture.””

campus

the land and buildings of a university or college, including the buildings where students live

“The speaker used the word “campus” while explaining the university study problem.”

undergraduate

a student at college or university, who is working for their first degree

“A clear definition of the word “undergraduate” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

enroll

to officially arrange to join a school, university, or course, or to arrange for someone else to do this

“In the university study discussion, the verb “enroll” describes an action or change.”

thesis

a long piece of writing about a particular subject that you do as part of an advanced university degree such as an MA or a PhD

“The university study report includes a section on the word “thesis.””

enrolment

the process of arranging to join a school, university, course etc

“The university study report includes a section on the word “enrolment.””

coherent

if a piece of writing, set of ideas etc is coherent, it is easy to understand because it is clear and reasonable

“The report describes the university study issue as coherent.”

probe

a long thin metal instrument that doctors and scientists use to examine parts of the body

“The university study report includes a section on the word “probe.””

specimen

a small amount or piece that is taken from something, so that it can be tested or examined

“The university study report includes a section on the word “specimen.””

plausible

reasonable and likely to be true or successful

“The speaker uses “plausible” to characterize the university study situation.”

absurd

completely stupid or unreasonable

“The speaker uses “absurd” to characterize the university study situation.”

qualification

if you have a qualification, you have passed an examination or course to show you have a particular level of skill or knowledge in a subject

“The speaker used the word “qualification” while explaining the university study problem.”

absenteeism

Absenteeism is the fact or habit of frequently being away from work or school, usually without a good reason

“The university study report includes a section on the word “absenteeism.””

verbal

a word that has been formed from a verb, for example a gerund, infinitive, or participle

“The university study report includes a section on the word “verbal.””

likelihood

the degree to which something can reasonably be expected to happen

“The university study report includes a section on the word “likelihood.””

comparative

the comparative form of an adjective or adverb shows an increase in size, quality, degree etc when it is considered in relation to something else. For example, ‘bigger’ is the comparative form of ‘big’, and ‘more slowly’ is the comparative form of ‘slowly’.

“During the university study discussion, “comparative” signals a particular quality.”

degree

a unit for measuring temperature. It can be shown as a symbol after a number. For example, 70° means 70 degrees.

“The university study report includes a section on the word “degree.””

rationale

The rationale for a course of action, practice, or belief is the set of reasons on which it is based

“A clear definition of the word “rationale” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

regime

a government, especially one that was not elected fairly or that you disapprove of for some other reason

“The speaker used the word “regime” while explaining the university study problem.”

cynical

unwilling to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing something

“During the university study discussion, “cynical” signals a particular quality.”

levy

A levy is a sum of money that you have to pay, for example, as a tax to the government

“The university study report includes a section on the word “levy.””

arbitrary

decided or arranged without any reason or plan, often unfairly

“The report describes the university study issue as arbitrary.”

drill

a method of teaching students, sports players etc something by making them repeat the same lesson, exercise etc many times

“A clear definition of the word “drill” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

paradigm

a very clear or typical example of something

“The speaker used the word “paradigm” while explaining the university study problem.”

vocabulary

a list of words with explanations of their meanings, especially in a book for learning a foreign language

“The university study report includes a section on the word “vocabulary.””

whim

a sudden feeling that you would like to do or have something, especially when there is no important or good reason

“The speaker used the word “whim” while explaining the university study problem.”

substitute

someone who does someone else’s job for a limited period of time, especially in a sports team or school

“The university study report includes a section on the word “substitute.””

alumnus

a former student of a school, college etc

“The speaker used the word “alumnus” while explaining the university study problem.”

disciple

someone who believes in the ideas of a great teacher or leader, especially a religious one

“The speaker used the word “disciple” while explaining the university study problem.”

discipline

a way of training someone so that they learn to control their behaviour and obey rules

“The university study report includes a section on the word “discipline.””

justify

to give an acceptable explanation for something that other people think is unreasonable

“Learners hear “justify” while following the university study explanation.”

doctorate

a university degree of the highest level

“The speaker used the word “doctorate” while explaining the university study problem.”

lobby

a wide passage or large hall just inside the entrance to a public building

“The university study report includes a section on the word “lobby.””

precise

precise information, details etc are exact, clear, and correct

“During the university study discussion, “precise” signals a particular quality.”

stature

the degree to which someone is admired or regarded as important

“The university study report includes a section on the word “stature.””

illiterate

someone who is illiterate has not learned to read or write

“During the university study discussion, “illiterate” signals a particular quality.”

edification

If something is done for your edification, it is done to benefit you in some way, for example by teaching you about something

“A clear definition of the word “edification” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

embody

to be a very good example of an idea or quality

“In the university study discussion, the verb “embody” describes an action or change.”

biomedical

Biomedical research examines the effects of drugs and medical techniques on the biological systems of living creatures

“The speaker uses “biomedical” to characterize the university study situation.”

dunce

If you say that someone is a dunce, you think they are stupid because they find it difficult or impossible to learn what someone is trying to teach them

“A clear definition of the word “dunce” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

dissertation

a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one written for a university degree

“The speaker used the word “dissertation” while explaining the university study problem.”

don

a university teacher, especially one who teaches at the universities of Oxford or Cambridge

“The speaker used the word “don” while explaining the university study problem.”

proctor

someone who watches students in an examination to make sure that they do not cheat

“The speaker used the word “proctor” while explaining the university study problem.”

boarder

a student who stays at a school during the night, as well as during the day

“A clear definition of the word “boarder” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

intramural

happening within one school, or intended for the students of one school

“During the university study discussion, “intramural” signals a particular quality.”

varsity

the main team that represents a university, college, or school in a sport

“Learners saw the word “varsity” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

educator

a teacher or someone involved in the process of educating people

“A clear definition of the word “educator” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

truancy

when students deliberately stay away from school without permission

“Learners saw the word “truancy” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

alumna

a woman who is a former student of a school, college etc

“Learners saw the word “alumna” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

audit

to officially examine a company’s financial records in order to check that they are correct

“A clear example helps learners use “audit” in a sentence about the university study.”

expertise

special skills or knowledge in a particular subject, that you learn by experience or training

“The speaker used the word “expertise” while explaining the university study problem.”

peripheral

a piece of equipment that is connected to a computer and used with it, for example a printer

“The university study report includes a section on the word “peripheral.””

prejudice

an un-reasonable dislike and distrust of people who are different from you in some way, especially because of their race, sex, religion etc – used to show disapproval

“A clear definition of the word “prejudice” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

truant

a student who stays away from school without permission

“Learners saw the word “truant” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

scholastic

relating to schools or teaching

“The speaker uses “scholastic” to characterize the university study situation.”

pension

an amount of money paid regularly by the government or company to someone who does not work any more, for example because they have reached the age when people stop working or because they are ill

“The university study report includes a section on the word “pension.””

wanton

deliberately harming someone or damaging something for no reason

“During the university study discussion, “wanton” signals a particular quality.”

condense

to make a liquid thicker by removing some of the water

“A clear example helps learners use “condense” in a sentence about the university study.”

extensive

large in size, amount, or degree

“During the university study discussion, “extensive” signals a particular quality.”

obstruct

to block a road, passage etc

“Learners hear “obstruct” while following the university study explanation.”

essay

a short piece of writing about a particular subject by a student as part of a course of study

“The speaker used the word “essay” while explaining the university study problem.”

mature

someone, especially a child or young person, who is mature behaves in a sensible and reasonable way, as you would expect an adult to behave

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as mature.”

nickel

a hard silver-white metal that is often combined with other metals, for example to make steel. It is a chemical element: symbol Ni

“Learners saw the word “nickel” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

graduate

to obtain a degree, especially a first degree, from a college or university

“The speaker explains how “graduate” is used in a report about the university study.”

secondary

the education, teaching etc of children between the ages of 11 and 16 or 18

“The report describes the university study issue as secondary.”

cohesion

if there is cohesion among a group of people, a set of ideas etc, all the parts or members of it are connected or related in a reasonable way to form a whole

“The university study report includes a section on the word “cohesion.””

dormitory

a large building at a college or university where students live

“The speaker used the word “dormitory” while explaining the university study problem.”

objection

a reason that you have for opposing or disapproving of something, or something you say that expresses this

“The speaker used the word “objection” while explaining the university study problem.”

archaeology

the study of ancient societies by examining what remains of their buildings, grave s , tools etc

“Learners saw the word “archaeology” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

cognitive

related to the process of knowing, understanding, and learning something

“The report describes the university study issue as cognitive.”

steer

to control the direction a vehicle is going, for example by turning a wheel

“A clear example helps learners use “steer” in a sentence about the university study.”

pretext

a false reason given for an action, in order to hide the real reason

“The university study report includes a section on the word “pretext.””

discourse

a serious speech or piece of writing on a particular subject

“The speaker used the word “discourse” while explaining the university study problem.”

scrutinize

to examine someone or something very carefully

“In the university study discussion, the verb “scrutinize” describes an action or change.”

burrow

to make a hole or passage in the ground

“The speaker explains how “burrow” is used in a report about the university study.”

familiarize

to learn about something so that you understand it, or to teach someone else about something so that they understand it

“The speaker explains how “familiarize” is used in a report about the university study.”

principal

someone who is in charge of a school

“Learners saw the word “principal” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

enter

to start working in a particular profession or organization, or to start studying at a school or university

“Learners hear “enter” while following the university study explanation.”

censor

to examine books, films, letters etc to remove anything that is considered offensive, morally harmful, or politically dangerous etc

“Learners hear “censor” while following the university study explanation.”

institute

an organization that has a particular purpose such as scientific or educational work, or the building where this organization is based

“The speaker used the word “institute” while explaining the university study problem.”

lore

knowledge or information about a subject, for example nature or magic, that is not written down but is passed from person to person

“Learners saw the word “lore” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

motto

a short sentence or phrase giving a rule on how to behave, which expresses the aims or beliefs of a person, school, or institution

“A clear definition of the word “motto” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

simile

an expression that describes something by comparing it with something else, using the words ‘as’ or ‘like’, for example ‘as white as snow’

“A clear definition of the word “simile” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

spite

a feeling of wanting to hurt or upset people, for example because you are jealous or think you have been unfairly treated

“The speaker used the word “spite” while explaining the university study problem.”

tutorial

a period of teaching and discussion with a tutor, especially in a British university

“The university study report includes a section on the word “tutorial.””

demolition

The demolition of a structure, for example, a building, is the act of deliberately destroying it, often in order to build something else in its place

“The university study report includes a section on the word “demolition.””

hoarse

if you are hoarse, or if your voice is hoarse, you speak in a low rough voice, for example because your throat is sore

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as hoarse.”

obstinate

determined not to change your ideas, behaviour, opinions etc, even when other people think you are being unreasonable

“The speaker uses “obstinate” to characterize the university study situation.”

postgraduate

someone who is studying at a university to get a master’s degree or a phd

“A clear definition of the word “postgraduate” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

retrospective

a show of the work of an artist , actor, film-maker etc that includes examples of all the kinds of work they have done

“A clear definition of the word “retrospective” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

cite

to mention something as an example, especially one that supports, proves, or explains an idea or situation

“The speaker explains how “cite” is used in a report about the university study.”

diagnose

to find out what illness someone has, or what the cause of a fault is, after doing tests, examinations etc

“Learners hear “diagnose” while following the university study explanation.”

genre

a particular type of art, writing, music etc, which has certain features that all examples of this type share

“The speaker used the word “genre” while explaining the university study problem.”

veil

a thin piece of material that women wear to cover their faces at formal occasions or for religious reasons

“The university study report includes a section on the word “veil.””

doctoral

done as part of work for the university degree of doctor

“The report describes the university study issue as doctoral.”

recourse

something that you do to achieve something or deal with a situation, or the act of doing it

“The university study report includes a section on the word “recourse.””

watercourse

a place where water flows, for example a river or canal

“The university study report includes a section on the word “watercourse.””

educated

having been well taught and learned a lot

“During the university study discussion, “educated” signals a particular quality.”

headmaster

a male teacher who is in charge of a school

“Learners saw the word “headmaster” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

exile

to force someone to leave their country, especially for political reasons

“A clear example helps learners use “exile” in a sentence about the university study.”

strait

a narrow passage of water between two areas of land, usually connecting two seas

“A clear definition of the word “strait” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

vital

the signs that show someone is alive, for example breathing and body temperature

“The report describes the university study issue as vital.”

expel

to officially force someone to leave a school or organization

“Learners hear “expel” while following the university study explanation.”

keen

someone who is keen is eager to work or learn, and enjoys doing it

“During the university study discussion, “keen” signals a particular quality.”

acquisition

the process by which you gain knowledge or learn a skill

“The speaker used the word “acquisition” while explaining the university study problem.”

density

the degree to which an area is filled with people or things

“The university study report includes a section on the word “density.””

illustrate

to make the meaning of something clearer by giving examples

“The speaker explains how “illustrate” is used in a report about the university study.”

primer

a school book that contains very basic facts about a subject

“A clear definition of the word “primer” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

Mount

to increase gradually in amount or degree

“A clear example helps learners use “mount” in a sentence about the university study.”

pedagogy

the practice of teaching or the study of teaching

“The university study report includes a section on the word “pedagogy.””

sensible

reasonable, practical, and showing good judgment

“The speaker uses “sensible” to characterize the university study situation.”

fledgling

a young bird that is learning to fly

“The university study report includes a section on the word “fledgling.””

prophet

a man who people in the Christian, Jewish, or Muslim religion believe has been sent by God to lead them and teach them their religion

“Learners saw the word “prophet” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

aptitude

Someone's aptitude for a particular kind of work or activity is their ability to learn it quickly and to do it well

“The university study report includes a section on the word “aptitude.””

archetype

a perfect example of something, because it has all the most important qualities of things that belong to that type

“The speaker used the word “archetype” while explaining the university study problem.”

solemn

very serious and not happy, for example because something bad has happened or because you are at an important occasion

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as solemn.”

filament

A filament is a very thin piece or thread of something, for example, the piece of wire inside a light bulb

“The university study report includes a section on the word “filament.””

justifiable

actions, reactions, decisions etc that are justifiable are acceptable because they are done for good reasons

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as justifiable.”

ostensible

seeming to be the reason for or the purpose of something, but usually hiding the real reason or purpose

“The report describes the university study issue as ostensible.”

generalize

to form a general principle or opinion after considering only a small number of facts or examples

“Learners hear “generalize” while following the university study explanation.”

obdurate

very determined not to change your beliefs, actions, or feelings, in a way that seems unreasonable

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as obdurate.”

preservative

a chemical substance that is used to prevent things from decaying, for example food or wood

“The university study report includes a section on the word “preservative.””

quixotic

quixotic ideas or plans are not practical and are based on unreasonable hopes of improving the world

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as quixotic.”

tantrum

a sudden short period when someone, especially a child, behaves very angrily and unreasonably

“A clear definition of the word “tantrum” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

angle

the space between two straight lines or surfaces that join each other, measured in degrees

“A clear definition of the word “angle” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

prototype

the first form that a new design of a car, machine etc has, or a model of it used to test the design before it is produced

“Learners saw the word “prototype” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

resent

to feel angry or upset about a situation or about something that someone has done, especially because you think that it is not fair

“The speaker explains how “resent” is used in a report about the university study.”

stubborn

determined not to change your mind, even when people think you are being unreasonable

“During the university study discussion, “stubborn” signals a particular quality.”

didactic

speech or writing that is didactic is intended to teach people a moral lesson

“The speaker uses “didactic” to characterize the university study situation.”

flush

to become red in the face, for example when you are angry or embarrassed

“Learners hear “flush” while following the university study explanation.”

intransigent

unwilling to change your ideas or behaviour, in a way that seems unreasonable

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as intransigent.”

monopoly

the complete control of trade in particular goods or the supply of a particular service; a type of goods or a service that is controlled in this way

“The speaker used the word “monopoly” while explaining the university study problem.”

subscribe

to pay money, usually once a year, to have copies of a newspaper or magazine sent to you, or to have some other service

“Learners hear “subscribe” while following the university study explanation.”

adduce

to give facts or reasons in order to prove that something is true

“Learners hear “adduce” while following the university study explanation.”

faculty

a department or group of related departments within a university

“The university study report includes a section on the word “faculty.””

gratuitous

said or done without a good reason, in a way that offends someone

“During the university study discussion, “gratuitous” signals a particular quality.”

neophyte

someone who has just started to learn a particular skill, art, job etc

“The university study report includes a section on the word “neophyte.””

parody

something that is not a correct or acceptable example of something

“A clear definition of the word “parody” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

petulant

behaving in an unreasonably impatient and angry way, like a child

“The speaker uses “petulant” to characterize the university study situation.”

salutary

a salutary experience is unpleasant but teaches you something

“The speaker uses “salutary” to characterize the university study situation.”

vindictive

unreasonably cruel and unfair towards someone who has harmed you

“The speaker uses “vindictive” to characterize the university study situation.”

abstract

a short written statement containing only the most important ideas in a speech, article etc

“The university study report includes a section on the word “abstract.””

advocacy

public support for a course of action or way of doing things

“Learners saw the word “advocacy” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

cogent

if a statement is cogent, it seems reasonable and correct

“The report describes the university study issue as cogent.”

flexible

a person, plan etc that is flexible can change or be changed easily to suit any new situation

“During the university study discussion, “flexible” signals a particular quality.”

fluctuate

to change frequently in size, amount, quality, etc., especially from one extreme to another

“The speaker explains how “fluctuate” is used in a report about the university study.”

intelligence

the ability to learn, understand, and think about things

“A clear definition of the word “intelligence” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

spectrum

a complete range of opinions, people, situations etc, going from one extreme to its opposite

“A clear definition of the word “spectrum” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

compulsion

a strong and unreasonable desire to do something

“The speaker used the word “compulsion” while explaining the university study problem.”

excessive

much more than is reasonable or necessary

“During the university study discussion, “excessive” signals a particular quality.”

rabid

having very extreme and unreasonable opinions

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as rabid.”

sane

able to think in a normal and reasonable way

“During the university study discussion, “sane” signals a particular quality.”

subordinate

someone who has a lower position and less authority than someone else in an organization

“The university study report includes a section on the word “subordinate.””

unconscionable

much more than is reasonable or acceptable

“During the university study discussion, “unconscionable” signals a particular quality.”

confront

to face someone in a threatening way, as though you are going to attack them

“The speaker explains how “confront” is used in a report about the university study.”

equivalent

having the same value, purpose, job etc as a person or thing of a different kind

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as equivalent.”

hazard

to risk losing your money, property etc in an attempt to gain something

“Learners hear “hazard” while following the university study explanation.”

perception

Someone who has perception realizes or notices things that are not obvious

“The speaker used the word “perception” while explaining the university study problem.”

preposterous

completely unreasonable or silly

“During the university study discussion, “preposterous” signals a particular quality.”

ridiculous

very silly or unreasonable

“During the university study discussion, “ridiculous” signals a particular quality.”

segment

to divide something into parts that are different from each other

“A clear example helps learners use “segment” in a sentence about the university study.”

fracture

a crack or broken part in a bone or other hard substance

“The university study report includes a section on the word “fracture.””

penalty

a punishment for breaking a law, rule, or legal agreement

“The speaker used the word “penalty” while explaining the university study problem.”

compensate

to replace or balance the effect of something bad

“A clear example helps learners use “compensate” in a sentence about the university study.”

hamper

to make it difficult for someone to do something

“The speaker explains how “hamper” is used in a report about the university study.”

persuade

to make someone decide to do something, especially by giving them reasons why they should do it, or asking them many times to do it

“The speaker explains how “persuade” is used in a report about the university study.”

commodity

a product that is bought and sold

“The speaker used the word “commodity” while explaining the university study problem.”

process

to make food, materials, or goods ready to be used or sold, for example by preserving or improving them in some way

“A clear example helps learners use “process” in a sentence about the university study.”

refugee

someone who has been forced to leave their country, especially during a war, or for political or religious reasons

“A clear definition of the word “refugee” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

labyrinth

a large network of paths or passages which cross each other, making it very difficult to find your way

“The speaker used the word “labyrinth” while explaining the university study problem.”

exploit

to treat someone unfairly by asking them to do things for you, but giving them very little in return – used to show disapproval

“The speaker explains how “exploit” is used in a report about the university study.”

sophisticated

a sophisticated machine, system, method etc is very well designed and very advanced, and often works in a complicated way

“The report describes the university study issue as sophisticated.”

accelerate

if a process accelerates or if something accelerates it, it happens faster than usual or sooner than you expect

“The speaker explains how “accelerate” is used in a report about the university study.”

exotic

Something that is exotic is unusual and interesting, usually because it comes from or is related to a distant country

“The report describes the university study issue as exotic.”

predominant

If something is predominant, it is more important or noticeable than anything else in a set of people or things

“The speaker uses “predominant” to characterize the university study situation.”

ritual

a ceremony that is always performed in the same way, in order to mark an important religious or social occasion

“The speaker used the word “ritual” while explaining the university study problem.”

compulsory

something that is compulsory must be done because it is the law or because someone in authority orders you to

“The speaker uses “compulsory” to characterize the university study situation.”

hypothesis

an idea that is suggested as an explanation for something, but that has not yet been proved to be true

“The university study report includes a section on the word “hypothesis.””

intensify

to increase in degree or strength, or to make something do this

“The speaker explains how “intensify” is used in a report about the university study.”

valid

a reason, argument etc that is based on what is reasonable or sensible

“The report describes the university study issue as valid.”

authentic

a painting, document, book etc that is authentic has been proved to be by a particular person

“The speaker uses “authentic” to characterize the university study situation.”

compromise

to reach an agreement in which everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at first

“Learners hear “compromise” while following the university study explanation.”

deficit

the difference between the amount of something that you have and the higher amount that you need

“The university study report includes a section on the word “deficit.””

dissipate

to gradually become less or weaker before disappearing completely, or to make something do this

“Learners hear “dissipate” while following the university study explanation.”

eligible

an eligible man or woman would be good to marry because they are rich, attractive, and not married

“The speaker uses “eligible” to characterize the university study situation.”

impulse

a sudden strong desire to do something without thinking about whether it is a sensible thing to do

“A clear definition of the word “impulse” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

inherent

a quality that is inherent in something is a natural part of it and cannot be separated from it

“The speaker uses “inherent” to characterize the university study situation.”

modify

to make small changes to something in order to improve it and make it more suitable or effective

“In the university study discussion, the verb “modify” describes an action or change.”

ultimate

someone’s ultimate aim is their main and most important aim, that they hope to achieve in the future

“The speaker uses “ultimate” to characterize the university study situation.”

vicious

very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt someone’s feelings or make their character seem bad

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as vicious.”

accumulate

to gradually get more and more money, possessions, knowledge etc over a period of time

“In the university study discussion, the verb “accumulate” describes an action or change.”

controversy

a serious argument about something that involves many people and continues for a long time

“Learners saw the word “controversy” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

exemplify

to be a very typical example of something

“A clear example helps learners use “exemplify” in a sentence about the university study.”

induce

to persuade someone to do something, especially something that does not seem wise

“In the university study discussion, the verb “induce” describes an action or change.”

melancholy

a feeling of sadness for no particular reason

“The university study report includes a section on the word “melancholy.””

prevalent

common at a particular time, in a particular place, or among a particular group of people

“The speaker uses “prevalent” to characterize the university study situation.”

remainder

the part of something that is left after everything else has gone or been dealt with

“A clear definition of the word “remainder” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

superficial

not studying or looking at something carefully and only seeing the most noticeable things

“During the university study discussion, “superficial” signals a particular quality.”

undue

more than is reasonable, suitable, or necessary

“The speaker uses “undue” to characterize the university study situation.”

appropriate

to take something for yourself when you do not have the right to do this

“A clear example helps learners use “appropriate” in a sentence about the university study.”

autonomy

freedom that a place or an organization has to govern or control itself

“The university study report includes a section on the word “autonomy.””

beam

a long heavy piece of wood or metal used in building houses, bridges etc

“The speaker used the word “beam” while explaining the university study problem.”

diverse

If a group of things is diverse, it is made up of a wide variety of things

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as diverse.”

feasible

a plan, idea, or method that is feasible is possible and is likely to work

“During the university study discussion, “feasible” signals a particular quality.”

pedestrian

someone who is walking, especially along a street or other place used by cars

“A clear definition of the word “pedestrian” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

privilege

a special advantage that is given only to one person or group of people

“A clear definition of the word “privilege” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

recruit

to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc

“Learners hear “recruit” while following the university study explanation.”

scale

the size or level of something, or the amount that something is happening

“The university study report includes a section on the word “scale.””

status

the official legal position or condition of a person, group, country etc

“The university study report includes a section on the word “status.””

stock

a supply of a particular type of thing that a shop has available to sell

“The university study report includes a section on the word “stock.””

analogy

something that seems similar between two situations, processes etc

“A clear definition of the word “analogy” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

appeal

to make a serious public request for help, money, information etc

“A clear example helps learners use “appeal” in a sentence about the university study.”

eliminate

to completely get rid of something that is unnecessary or unwanted

“In the university study discussion, the verb “eliminate” describes an action or change.”

frustrate

to prevent someone’s plans, efforts, or attempts from succeeding

“In the university study discussion, the verb “frustrate” describes an action or change.”

rigorous

demanding that particular rules, processes, etc. are strictly followed

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as rigorous.”

trigger

to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events

“In the university study discussion, the verb “trigger” describes an action or change.”

velocity

the speed of something that is moving in a particular direction

“A clear definition of the word “velocity” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

acute

an acute illness or disease quickly becomes very serious

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as acute.”

barren

land or soil that is barren has no plants growing on it

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as barren.”

extinct

an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist any more

“During the university study discussion, “extinct” signals a particular quality.”

primitive

an artist who paints simple pictures like those of a child

“The speaker used the word “primitive” while explaining the university study problem.”

simultaneous

things that are simultaneous happen at exactly the same time

“The speaker uses “simultaneous” to characterize the university study situation.”

terminate

if something terminates, or if you terminate it, it ends

“The speaker explains how “terminate” is used in a report about the university study.”

apply

to make a formal request, usually written, for something such as a job, a place at a university, or permission to do something

“Learners hear “apply” while following the university study explanation.”

explicit

expressed in a way that is very clear and direct

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as explicit.”

formidable

very powerful or impressive, and often frightening

“The speaker uses “formidable” to characterize the university study situation.”

fragile

weak and uncertain; easily destroyed or spoilt

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as fragile.”

infrastructure

the basic systems and structures that a country or organization needs in order to work properly, for example roads, railways, banks etc

“The speaker used the word “infrastructure” while explaining the university study problem.”

magnitude

the great size or importance of something

“Learners saw the word “magnitude” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

obscure

to make something difficult to know or understand

“A clear example helps learners use “obscure” in a sentence about the university study.”

propagate

to spread an idea, belief etc to many people

“A clear example helps learners use “propagate” in a sentence about the university study.”

reclaim

to get back an amount of money that you have paid

“The speaker explains how “reclaim” is used in a report about the university study.”

signature

your name written in the way you usually write it, for example at the end of a letter, or on a cheque etc, to show that you have written it

“Learners saw the word “signature” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

verify

to discover whether something is correct or true

“The speaker explains how “verify” is used in a report about the university study.”

assert

to state firmly that something is true

“Learners hear “assert” while following the university study explanation.”

deliberate

to think about something very carefully

“The speaker explains how “deliberate” is used in a report about the university study.”

extremity

The extremity of a situation or of someone's behaviour is the degree to which it is severe, unusual, or unacceptable

“A clear definition of the word “extremity” helped the group discuss the university study topic.”

list

a set of names, numbers etc, usually written one below the other, for example so that you can remember or check them

“The university study report includes a section on the word “list.””

notorious

famous or well-known for something bad

“Researchers describe the university study evidence as notorious.”

shaft

a passage which goes down through a building or down into the ground, so that someone or something can get in or out

“Learners saw the word “shaft” while comparing two sides of the university study issue.”

The words