C2 Proficiency: Culture & media

The words

Every word in this set, with what it means. Tap a word to hear it.

textured

used to describe a work of art, literature, music etc that has many different parts that are combined to produce a final effect

“The speaker uses “textured” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

encore

an additional or repeated part of a performance, especially a musical one

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “encore.””

philistine

someone who does not like or understand art, literature, music etc

“The speaker used the word “philistine” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

lexicon

all the words and phrases used in a language or that a particular person knows

“Learners saw the word “lexicon” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

subculture

a particular group of people within a society and their behaviour, beliefs, and activities – often used to show disapproval

“Learners saw the word “subculture” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

pastiche

a piece of writing, music, film etc that is deliberately made in the style of someone or something else

“The speaker used the word “pastiche” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

byline

A byline is a line at the top of an article in a newspaper or magazine giving the author's name

“A clear definition of the word “byline” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

sideshow

a separate small part of a fair or circus , where you pay to play games or watch a performance

“Learners saw the word “sideshow” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

immemorial

starting longer ago than people can remember, or than written history shows

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as immemorial.”

podium

a small raised area for a performer, speaker, or musical conductor to stand on

“Learners saw the word “podium” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

atonal

a piece of music that is atonal is not based on a particular key 2 4

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “atonal” signals a particular quality.”

recital

a performance of music or poetry, usually given by one performer

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “recital.””

coda

an additional separate part at the end of a piece of music

“A clear definition of the word “coda” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

gripping

a gripping film, story etc is very exciting and interesting

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as gripping.”

recast

to give parts in a play or film to different actors

“Learners hear “recast” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

ethnomusicology

the study of the music of different cultures

“The speaker used the word “ethnomusicology” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

predecessor

someone who had your job before you started doing it

“A clear definition of the word “predecessor” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

stimulant

something that encourages more of a particular activity

“The speaker used the word “stimulant” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

intermittent

stopping and starting often and for short periods

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “intermittent” signals a particular quality.”

neutron

a part of an atom that has no electrical charge

“A clear definition of the word “neutron” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

prose

language in its usual form, as opposed to poetry

“The speaker used the word “prose” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

bulk

the main or largest part of something

“Learners saw the word “bulk” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

cardiac

relating to the heart

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “cardiac” signals a particular quality.”

reside

to live in a particular place

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “reside” describes an action or change.”

trademark

a special name, sign, or word that is marked on a product to show that it is made by a particular company, that cannot be used by any other company

“A clear definition of the word “trademark” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

valedictory

A valedictory speech, letter, or performance is one that is intended as a way of saying goodbye when someone leaves another person, a place, or a job

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as valedictory.”

cramp

a severe pain that you get in part of your body when a muscle becomes too tight, making it difficult for you to move that part of your body

“A clear definition of the word “cramp” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

soliloquy

a speech in a play in which a character, usually alone on the stage, talks to himself or herself so that the audience knows their thoughts

“The speaker used the word “soliloquy” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

accompaniment

music that is played in the background at the same time as another instrument or singer that plays or sings the main tune

“A clear definition of the word “accompaniment” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

calculus

the part of mathematics that deals with changing quantities, such as the speed of a falling stone or the slope of a curved line

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “calculus.””

equator

an imaginary line drawn around the middle of the Earth that is exactly the same distance from the North Pole and the South Pole

“The speaker used the word “equator” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

frivolous

If you describe someone as frivolous, you mean they behave in a silly or light-hearted way, rather than being serious and sensible

“The speaker uses “frivolous” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

colloquial

language or words that are colloquial are used mainly in informal conversations rather than in writing or formal speech

“The speaker uses “colloquial” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

prelude

a short piece of music, especially one played at the beginning of a longer musical piece or before a church ceremony

“The speaker used the word “prelude” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

rudder

a flat part at the back of a ship or aircraft that can be turned in order to control the direction in which it moves

“Learners saw the word “rudder” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

ultimatum

a threat saying that if someone does not do what you want by a particular time, you will do something to punish them

“Learners saw the word “ultimatum” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

valve

a part of a tube or pipe that opens and shuts like a door to control the flow of liquid, gas, air etc passing through it

“Learners saw the word “valve” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

bowdlerize

to remove all the parts of a book, play etc that you think might offend someone – used to show disapproval

“A clear example helps learners use “bowdlerize” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

constrain

To constrain someone or something means to limit their development or force them to behave in a particular way

“The speaker explains how “constrain” is used in a report about the culture and media discussion.”

heterodox

heterodox beliefs, practices etc are not approved of by a particular group, especially a religious one

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as heterodox.”

median

the middle number or measurement in a set of numbers or measurements that have been arranged in order

“Learners saw the word “median” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

particulate

Particulates are very small particles of a substance, especially those that are produced when fuel is burned

“Learners saw the word “particulate” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

perspire

if you perspire, parts of your body become wet, especially because you are hot or have been doing hard work

“Learners hear “perspire” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

prodigy

A prodigy is someone young who has a great natural ability for something such as music, mathematics, or sports

“Learners saw the word “prodigy” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

proton

a very small piece of matter with a positive electrical charge that is in the central part of an atom

“Learners saw the word “proton” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

renounce

to publicly say or show that you no longer believe in something, or will no longer behave in a particular way

“A clear example helps learners use “renounce” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

stereotype

a belief or idea of what a particular type of person or thing is like. Stereotypes are often unfair or untrue.

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “stereotype.””

wean

to gradually stop feeding a baby or young animal on its mother’s milk and start giving it ordinary food

“A clear example helps learners use “wean” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

cholesterol

a chemical substance found in your blood. Too much cholesterol in your body may cause heart disease.

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “cholesterol.””

fabulous

fabulous creatures, places etc are mentioned in traditional stories, but do not really exist

“The speaker uses “fabulous” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

orchestra

a large group of musicians playing many different kinds of instruments and led by a conductor

“A clear definition of the word “orchestra” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

pantomime

a method of performing using only actions and not words, or a play performed using this method

“Learners saw the word “pantomime” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

priest

someone who is specially trained to perform religious duties and ceremonies in the Christian church

“A clear definition of the word “priest” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

seminal

a seminal article, book etc is important, and influences the way things develop in the future

“The speaker uses “seminal” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

symmetrical

an object or design that is symmetrical has two halves that are exactly the same shape and size

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as symmetrical.”

verse

a set of lines that forms one part of a song, poem, or a book such as the Bible or the Koran

“The speaker used the word “verse” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

dilate

if a hollow part of your body dilates or if something dilates it, it becomes wider

“A clear example helps learners use “dilate” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

grill

a part of a cooker in which strong heat from above cooks food on a metal shelf below

“Learners saw the word “grill” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

inaugurate

to hold an official ceremony when someone starts doing an important job in government

“The speaker explains how “inaugurate” is used in a report about the culture and media discussion.”

infection

a disease that affects a particular part of your body and is caused by bacteria or a virus

“A clear definition of the word “infection” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

intersperse

if something is interspersed with a particular kind of thing, it has a lot of them in it

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “intersperse” describes an action or change.”

involvement

the act of taking part in an activity or event, or the way in which you take part in it

“A clear definition of the word “involvement” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

irrelevant

not useful or not relating to a particular situation, and therefore not important

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as irrelevant.”

jerk

to move with a quick sudden movement, or to make part of your body move in this way

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “jerk” describes an action or change.”

projector

a piece of equipment that makes a film or picture appear on a screen or flat surface

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “projector.””

repartee

conversation which is fast and full of intelligent and amusing remarks and replies

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “repartee.””

vestige

a small part or amount of something that remains when most of it no longer exists

“A clear definition of the word “vestige” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

abjure

to state publicly that you will give up a particular belief or way of behaving

“The speaker explains how “abjure” is used in a report about the culture and media discussion.”

annotate

to add short notes to a book or piece of writing to explain parts of it

“Learners hear “annotate” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

apostate

someone who has stopped believing in a religion or supporting a political party

“The speaker used the word “apostate” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

braggart

someone who is always talking too proudly about what they own or have done

“Learners saw the word “braggart” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

cataclysm

a violent or sudden event or change, such as a serious flood or earthquake

“The speaker used the word “cataclysm” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

credo

a formal statement of the beliefs of a particular person, group, religion etc

“The speaker used the word “credo” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

prune

to make something smaller by removing parts that you do not need or want

“Learners hear “prune” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

artisan

someone who does skilled work, making things with their hands

“Learners saw the word “artisan” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

bellicose

behaving in a way that is likely to start an argument or fight

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as bellicose.”

emanate

to produce a smell, light etc, or to show a particular quality

“A clear example helps learners use “emanate” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

isotope

one of the possible different forms of an atom of a particular element

“A clear definition of the word “isotope” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

membrane

a very thin piece of skin that covers or connects parts of your body

“A clear definition of the word “membrane” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

posit

to suggest that a particular idea should be accepted as a fact

“A clear example helps learners use “posit” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

prescribe

to state officially what should be done in a particular situation

“A clear example helps learners use “prescribe” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

stanza

a group of lines in a repeated pattern forming part of a poem

“The speaker used the word “stanza” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

territorial

related to land that is owned or controlled by a particular country

“The speaker uses “territorial” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

timbre

the quality of the sound made by a particular instrument or voice

“A clear definition of the word “timbre” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

transcribe

to arrange a piece of music for a different instrument or voice

“The speaker explains how “transcribe” is used in a report about the culture and media discussion.”

apt

exactly right for a particular situation or purpose

“The speaker uses “apt” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

bar

a place where a particular kind of food or drink is served

“The speaker used the word “bar” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

chromatic

related to a musical scale which consists of semitone s

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as chromatic.”

erupt

if fighting, violence, noise etc erupts, it starts suddenly

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “erupt” describes an action or change.”

facet

one of several parts of someone’s character, a situation etc

“A clear definition of the word “facet” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

incongruous

strange, unexpected, or unsuitable in a particular situation

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as incongruous.”

malfunction

a fault in the way a machine or part of someone’s body works

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “malfunction.””

narrative

a description of events in a story, especially in a novel

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “narrative.””

parochial

relating to a particular church and the area around it

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “parochial” signals a particular quality.”

projection

the act of projecting a film or picture onto a screen

“The speaker used the word “projection” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

syllable

a word or part of a word which contains a single vowel sound

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “syllable.””

tempo

the speed at which music is played or should be played

“The speaker used the word “tempo” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

thwart

to prevent someone from doing what they are trying to do

“Learners hear “thwart” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

treatise

a serious book or article about a particular subject

“The speaker used the word “treatise” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

votary

someone who regularly practises a particular religion

“The speaker used the word “votary” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

actuate

to make a piece of machinery start to operate

“A clear example helps learners use “actuate” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

apiece

costing or having a particular amount each

“The result was described apiece in the final culture and media discussion paragraph.”

ballad

a short story in the form of a poem or song

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “ballad.””

engrave

to cut words or designs on metal, wood, glass etc

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “engrave” describes an action or change.”

familiarity

a good knowledge of a particular subject or place

“A clear definition of the word “familiarity” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

nascent

coming into existence or starting to develop

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as nascent.”

participation

the act of taking part in an activity or event

“A clear definition of the word “participation” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

requisite

something that is needed for a particular purpose

“A clear definition of the word “requisite” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

resident

someone who lives or stays in a particular place

“Learners saw the word “resident” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

symptomatic

showing that someone has a particular illness

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as symptomatic.”

artifice

a trick used to deceive someone

“A clear definition of the word “artifice” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

bilingual

written or spoken in two languages

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “bilingual” signals a particular quality.”

bisect

to divide something into two equal parts

“Learners hear “bisect” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

martial

connected with war and fighting

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as martial.”

seismic

relating to or caused by earthquakes

“The speaker uses “seismic” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

subterranean

beneath the surface of the earth

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as subterranean.”

artless

natural, honest, and sincere

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as artless.”

enact

to act in a play, story etc

“A clear example helps learners use “enact” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

somnolent

almost starting to sleep

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “somnolent” signals a particular quality.”

spartan

a disciplined or brave person

“The speaker used the word “spartan” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

epoch

a period of history

“A clear definition of the word “epoch” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

rendering

someone’s performance of a play, piece of music etc

“Learners saw the word “rendering” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

allergy

a medical condition in which you become ill or in which your skin becomes red and painful because you have eaten or touched a particular substance

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “allergy.””

apron

a piece of clothing that covers the front part of your clothes and is tied around your waist, worn to keep your clothes clean, especially while cooking

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “apron.””

assembler

An assembler is a person, a machine, or a company that assembles the individual parts of a vehicle or a piece of equipment such as a computer

“Learners saw the word “assembler” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

colloid

a mixture having particles of one component, with diameters between 10–7 and 10–9 metres, suspended in a continuous phase of another component

“Learners saw the word “colloid” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

culminate

If you say that an activity, process, or series of events culminates in or with a particular event, you mean that event happens at the end of it

“Learners hear “culminate” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

farce

a humorous play or film in which the characters are involved in complicated and silly situations, or the style of writing or acting that is used

“The speaker used the word “farce” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

lubricant

a substance such as oil that you put on surfaces that rub together, especially parts of a machine, in order to make them move smoothly and easily

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “lubricant.””

materialistic

concerned only with money and possessions rather than things of the mind such as art, religion, or moral beliefs – used in order to show disapproval

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “materialistic” signals a particular quality.”

melodrama

a story or play in which very exciting or terrible things happen, and in which the characters and the emotions they show seem too strong to be real

“Learners saw the word “melodrama” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

myopic

unwilling or unable to think about the future, especially about the possible results of a particular action – used in order to show disapproval

“The speaker uses “myopic” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

pageant

A pageant is a colourful public procession, show, or ceremony. Pageants are usually held outdoors and often celebrate events or people from history.

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “pageant.””

pointer

the small symbol, usually an arrow , that you move using a computer’s mouse to point to the place on the screen where you want to work, start a program etc

“The speaker used the word “pointer” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

cartel

a group of people or companies who agree to sell something at a particular price in order to prevent competition and increase profits

“A clear definition of the word “cartel” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

cello

a musical instrument like a large violin that you hold between your knees and play by pulling a bow (= special stick ) across the strings

“A clear definition of the word “cello” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

civilization

a society that is well organized and developed, used especially about a particular society in a particular place or at a particular time

“The speaker used the word “civilization” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

clutch

the pedal that you press with your foot when driving a vehicle in order to change gear , or the part of the vehicle that this controls

“A clear definition of the word “clutch” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

figurative

a figurative word or phrase is used in a different way from its usual meaning, to give you a particular idea or picture in your mind

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as figurative.”

harp

a large musical instrument with strings that are stretched across a vertical frame with three corners, and that you play with your fingers

“A clear definition of the word “harp” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

knack

A knack is a particularly clever or skilful way of doing something successfully, especially something which most people find difficult

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “knack.””

potboiler

a book or film that is produced quickly to make money and which is not of very high quality, especially one that is exciting or romantic

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “potboiler.””

undifferentiated

something which is undifferentiated is not split into parts, or has different parts but you cannot tell the difference between them

“The speaker uses “undifferentiated” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

addictive

if a substance, especially a drug, is addictive, your body starts to need it regularly and you are unable to stop taking it

“The speaker uses “addictive” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

almanac

a book produced each year containing information about a particular subject, especially a sport, or important dates, times etc

“The speaker used the word “almanac” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

antipodes

either or both of two points, places, or regions that are situated diametrically opposite to one another on the earth's surface, esp the country or region opposite one's own

“A clear definition of the word “antipodes” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

bifurcate

If something such as a line or path bifurcates or is bifurcated, it divides into two parts which go in different directions

“The speaker explains how “bifurcate” is used in a report about the culture and media discussion.”

browse

to look through the pages of a book, magazine etc without a particular purpose, just looking at the most interesting parts

“Learners hear “browse” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

choreographer

A choreographer is someone who invents the movements for a ballet or other dance and tells the dancers how to perform them

“The speaker used the word “choreographer” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

coherence

when something such as a piece of writing is easy to understand because its parts are connected in a clear and reasonable way

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “coherence.””

contingent

a group of people who all have something in common, such as their nationality, beliefs etc, and who are part of a larger group

“The speaker used the word “contingent” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

fibrosis

the formation of an abnormal amount of fibrous tissue in an organ or part as the result of inflammation, irritation, or healing

“The speaker used the word “fibrosis” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

hadron

any elementary particle capable of taking part in a strong nuclear interaction and therefore excluding leptons and photons

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “hadron.””

layman

someone who is not trained in a particular subject or type of work, especially when they are being compared with someone who is

“Learners saw the word “layman” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

luminary

someone who is very famous or highly respected for their skill at doing something or their knowledge of a particular subject

“The speaker used the word “luminary” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

meteor

a piece of rock or metal that travels through space, and makes a bright line in the night sky when it falls down towards the Earth

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “meteor.””

ostentatious

something that is ostentatious looks very expensive and is designed to make people think that its owner must be very rich

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as ostentatious.”

pollster

someone who works for a company that prepares and asks questions to find out what people think about a particular subject

“The speaker used the word “pollster” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

receptor

a nerve ending which receives information about changes in light, heat etc and causes the body to react in particular ways

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “receptor.””

serenade

a song sung to someone, especially one that a man performs for the woman he loves while standing below her window at night

“A clear definition of the word “serenade” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

sublimate

to use the energy that comes from sexual feelings to do something, such as work or art, that is more acceptable to your society

“Learners hear “sublimate” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

tambourine

a circular musical instrument consisting of a frame covered with skin or plastic and small pieces of metal that hang around the edge. You shake it or hit it with your hand.

“Learners saw the word “tambourine” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

vaudeville

a type of theatre entertainment, popular from the 1880s to the 1950s, in which there were many short performances of different kinds, including singing, dancing, jokes etc

“The speaker used the word “vaudeville” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

dais

a low stage in a room that you stand on when you are making a speech or performing, so that people can see and hear you

“The speaker used the word “dais” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

hieroglyph

a picture or symbol used to represent a word or part of a word, especially in the ancient Egyptian writing system

“A clear definition of the word “hieroglyph” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

marketplace

the part of business activity that is concerned with buying and selling goods in competition with other companies

“The speaker used the word “marketplace” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

offstage

Offstage is used to describe the behaviour of actors or entertainers in real life, when they are not performing

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “offstage” signals a particular quality.”

participatory

a participatory way of organizing something, making decisions etc is one that involves everyone who will be affected

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “participatory” signals a particular quality.”

producer

someone whose job is to control the preparation of a play, film, or broadcast, but who does not direct the actors

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “producer.””

quart

a unit for measuring liquid, equal to two pints. In Britain this is 1.14 litres, and in the US it is 0.95 litres.

“The speaker used the word “quart” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

rehearse

to practise or make people practise something such as a play or concert in order to prepare for a public performance

“A clear example helps learners use “rehearse” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

residency

a period of time when a doctor receives special training in a particular type of medicine, especially at a hospital

“Learners saw the word “residency” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

secede

if a country or state secedes from another country, it officially stops being part of it and becomes independent

“The speaker explains how “secede” is used in a report about the culture and media discussion.”

segregation

when people of different races, sexes, or religions are kept apart so that they live, work, or study separately

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “segregation.””

self-determination

the right of the people of a particular country to govern themselves and to choose the type of government they will have

“Learners saw the word “self-determination” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

spat

a larval oyster or similar bivalve mollusc, esp when it settles to the sea bottom and starts to develop a shell

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “spat.””

aerodynamic

an aerodynamic car, design etc uses the principles of aerodynamics to achieve high speed or low use of petrol

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as aerodynamic.”

alligator

a large animal with a long mouth and tail and sharp teeth that lives in the hot wet parts of the US and China

“A clear definition of the word “alligator” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

bandage

a narrow piece of cloth that you tie around a wound or around a part of the body that has been injured

“Learners saw the word “bandage” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

bluegrass

a type of music from the southern and western US, played on instruments such as the guitar and violin

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “bluegrass.””

buffet

a meal at a party or other occasion, in which people serve themselves at a table and then move away to eat

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “buffet.””

catholicism

Catholicism is the traditions, the behaviour, and the set of Christian beliefs that are held by Catholics

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “catholicism.””

condominium

one apartment in a building with several apartments, each of which is owned by the people living in it

“Learners saw the word “condominium” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

confederation

a group of people, political parties, or organizations that have united for political purposes or trade

“The speaker used the word “confederation” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

crescendo

if a sound or a piece of music rises to a cre-scendo, it gradually becomes louder until it is very loud

“Learners saw the word “crescendo” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

curfew

a law that forces people to stay indoors after a particular time at night, or the time people must be indoors

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “curfew.””

decentralize

to move parts of a government, organization etc from a central place to several different smaller ones

“Learners hear “decentralize” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

flaccid

You use flaccid to describe a part of someone's body when it is unpleasantly soft and not hard or firm

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as flaccid.”

fondle

to gently touch and move your fingers over part of someone’s body in a way that shows love or sexual desire

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “fondle” describes an action or change.”

fugue

a piece of music with a tune that is repeated regularly in different keys by different voices or instruments

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “fugue.””

gaff

On a boat, a gaff is a pole which is attached to a mast in order to support a particular kind of sail

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “gaff.””

lesion

damage to someone’s skin or part of their body such as their stomach or brain, caused by injury or illness

“Learners saw the word “lesion” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

movement

a group of people who share the same ideas or beliefs and who work together to achieve a particular aim

“A clear definition of the word “movement” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

obeisance

respect and obedience to someone or something, often shown by bending your head or the upper part of your body

“The speaker used the word “obeisance” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

obsessive

If someone's behaviour is obsessive, they cannot stop doing a particular thing or behaving in a particular way

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “obsessive” signals a particular quality.”

off-key

music that is off-key sounds unpleasant because it is played slightly above or below the correct pitch

“The speaker uses “off-key” to characterize the culture and media discussion situation.”

palpitate

If someone's heart palpitates, it beats very fast in an irregular way, because they are frightened or anxious

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “palpitate” describes an action or change.”

parse

to describe the grammar of a word when it is in a particular sentence, or the grammar of the whole sentence

“A clear example helps learners use “parse” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

precept

A precept is a general rule that helps you to decide how you should behave in particular circumstances

“A clear definition of the word “precept” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

proclivity

a tendency to behave in a particular way, or to like a particular thing – used especially about something bad

“The speaker used the word “proclivity” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

protestant

a member of a part of the Christian Church that separated from the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “protestant.””

referendum

when people vote in order to make a decision about a particular subject, rather than voting for a person

“The speaker used the word “referendum” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

snap

to move into a particular position suddenly, making a short sharp noise, or to make something move like this

“Learners hear “snap” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

theorist

someone who develops ideas within a particular subject that explain why particular things happen or are true

“Learners saw the word “theorist” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

underbelly

the weakest part of an organization or a person’s character, that is most easily attacked or criticized

“Learners saw the word “underbelly” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

virile

having or showing tradition­ally male qualities such as strength, courage etc – use this to show approval

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “virile” signals a particular quality.”

warfare

the activity of fighting in a war – used especially when talking about particular methods of fighting

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “warfare.””

abdominal

Abdominal is used to describe something that is situated in the abdomen or forms part of it

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “abdominal” signals a particular quality.”

anode

the part of a battery that collects electron s , often a wire or piece of metal with the sign (+)

“A clear definition of the word “anode” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

apposition

If two noun groups referring to the same person or thing are in apposition, one is placed immediately after the other, with no conjunction joining them, as in "Her father, Jerry, left home three months ago."

“Learners saw the word “apposition” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

arrogate

to claim that you have a particular right, position etc, without having the legal right to it

“The speaker explains how “arrogate” is used in a report about the culture and media discussion.”

asunder

If something tears or is torn asunder, it is violently separated into two or more parts or pieces

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as asunder.”

baton

a short thin stick used by a conductor (= the leader of a group of musicians ) to direct the music

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “baton.””

bravo

used to show your approval when someone, especially a performer, has done something very well

“Learners saw the word “bravo” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

burlesque

a performance involving a mixture of comedy and striptease , popular in America in the past

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “burlesque.””

cardiovascular

relating to the heart and blood vessel s (= tubes through which blood flows around your body )

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “cardiovascular” signals a particular quality.”

cartilage

a strong substance that can bend, which is around the joints in your body and in your outer ear

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “cartilage.””

cleave

to cut something into separate parts using a heavy tool, or to be able to be cut in this way

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “cleave” describes an action or change.”

communist

someone who is a member of a political party that supports communism, or who believes in communism

“A clear definition of the word “communist” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

conjure

to perform clever tricks in which you seem to make things appear, disappear, or change by magic

“Learners hear “conjure” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

construe

If something is construed in a particular way, its nature or meaning is interpreted in that way

“A clear example helps learners use “construe” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

convulse

if your body or a part of it convulses, it moves violently and you are not able to control it

“A clear example helps learners use “convulse” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

deregulation

Deregulation is the removal of controls and restrictions in a particular area of business or trade

“A clear definition of the word “deregulation” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

electrolysis

the process of separating a liquid into its chemical parts by passing an electric current through it

“Learners saw the word “electrolysis” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

enthrone

if a king or queen is enthroned, there is a ceremony to show that they are starting to rule

“A clear example helps learners use “enthrone” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

euphemistic

euphemistic language uses polite words and expressions to avoid shocking or upsetting people

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as euphemistic.”

halo

a bright circle that is often shown above or around the heads of holy people in religious art

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “halo.””

insider

someone who has a special knowledge of a particular organization because they are part of it

“Learners saw the word “insider” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

lurid

a description, story etc that is lurid is deliberately shocking and involves sex or violence

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as lurid.”

magnetism

the physical force that makes two metal objects pull towards each other or push each other apart

“The speaker used the word “magnetism” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

manifesto

a written statement by a political party, saying what they believe in and what they intend to do

“Learners saw the word “manifesto” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

maximize

to click on a special part on a window on a computer screen so that it becomes as big as the screen

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “maximize” describes an action or change.”

Module

a part of a spacecraft that can be separated from the main part and used for a particular purpose

“Learners saw the word “module” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

monopolize

to have complete control over something so that other people cannot share it or take part in it

“In the culture and media discussion discussion, the verb “monopolize” describes an action or change.”

mutilate

to severely and violently damage someone’s body, especially by cutting or removing part of it

“The speaker explains how “mutilate” is used in a report about the culture and media discussion.”

naturalize

if someone born outside a particular country is naturalized, they become a citizen of that country

“A clear example helps learners use “naturalize” in a sentence about the culture and media discussion.”

newsworthy

important or interesting enough to be reported in newspapers, on the radio, or on television

“Researchers describe the culture and media discussion evidence as newsworthy.”

observance

when someone obeys a law or does something because it is part of a religion, custom, or ceremony

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “observance.””

overhaul

to repair or change the necessary parts in a machine, system etc that is not working correctly

“Learners hear “overhaul” while following the culture and media discussion explanation.”

overture

a short piece of music written as an introduction to a long piece of music, especially an opera

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “overture.””

partisan

a member of an armed group that fights against an enemy that has taken control of its country

“Learners saw the word “partisan” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

pathos

the quality that a person, situation, film, or play has that makes you feel pity and sadness

“A clear definition of the word “pathos” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”

prefabricated

built from parts which are made in standard sizes so that they can be put together anywhere

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as prefabricated.”

promotional

Promotional material, events, or ideas are designed to increase the sales of a product or service

“The report describes the culture and media discussion issue as promotional.”

punishable

If a crime is punishable in a particular way, anyone who commits it is punished in that way

“During the culture and media discussion discussion, “punishable” signals a particular quality.”

semblance

a situation, condition etc that is close to or similar to a particular one, usually a good one

“Learners saw the word “semblance” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

sermon

a talk given as part of a Christian church service, usually on a religious or moral subject

“The culture and media discussion report includes a section on the word “sermon.””

stalwart

someone who is very loyal to a particular organization or set of ideas, and works hard for them

“Learners saw the word “stalwart” while comparing two sides of the culture and media discussion issue.”

stump

the bottom part of a tree that is left in the ground after the rest of it has been cut down

“The speaker used the word “stump” while explaining the culture and media discussion problem.”

vernacular

a form of a language that ordinary people use, especially one that is not the official language

“A clear definition of the word “vernacular” helped the group discuss the culture and media discussion topic.”