Skip to story
ELI5 Yahaaa

A Y-channel and a wedge

What Actually Joins a Zip?

The slider is two simple machines: a Y-channel that hooks teeth together and a wedge that prises them apart.

A Y-shaped channelinsideOne path in, two pathsoutTeeth are forcedtogetherA hidden wedge splitsthem
The slider is two simple machines in one lump of metal.
  1. Step 1 of 5

    The teeth are hooks, not a straight edge.

    A closed zip Each tooth lockedbetween two others

    Each tooth has a bump on top and a dimple beneath, so a closed zip is really every tooth locked into the two teeth opposite it.

  2. Step 2 of 5

    Closing is a Y-shaped channel.

    1 Two rows arriveseparately2 A Y-channelforces themtogether3 They interlockand hold

    Two separate rows enter the wide top of the slider and are guided steadily inward until they are pressed together and interlock at the narrow end.

  3. Step 3 of 5

    Opening uses a wedge instead.

    The pull tabwhere yourforce goesThe wedge insidesplits the tworowsThe teeth belowforced apartone pair at atime

    Running the slider the other way drives a small blade between the two rows, prising each pair of teeth apart in turn as it passes.

  4. Step 4 of 5

    Both directions are the same machine.

    Pulling one way The channel squeezesteeth togetherPulling the other The wedge prises themapart

    Nothing inside the slider changes. Which of its two shapes does the work depends entirely on which way you happen to be pulling.

  5. Step 5 of 5

    A single bent tooth ruins the whole zip.

    One bent toothIt will notseat properlyEvery toothafter it fails

    A tooth that will not seat leaves a gap, and because each tooth relies on its neighbours, everything past that point fails to hold too.

    A jacket zip has around 100 teeth, and every one of them has to hook correctly for the zip to hold at all.

The short version

A zip works because the slider is a Y-channel that forces hooked teeth together one way, and a wedge that prises them apart the other.

Try it yourself

Open a zip slowly and look inside the slider. You can see the little wedge pushing down between the two rows of teeth.

Topics