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What Is a Spacewalk Like?

No air, no warmth, no up. Just you, a suit, and a tether.

Air supply on your backPressure to stop yourblood boilingHeating and coolinglayersA tether so you do notdrift away
A spacesuit is a spacecraft shaped like a person.
  1. Step 1 of 5

    Space is not just cold — it is empty.

    Inside the station Normal air pressureOutside No air, no pressure atall

    There is no air at all. Without a suit you would have about 15 seconds of useful consciousness, and the water in your body would start to boil.

  2. Step 2 of 5

    The suit is a balloon holding you together.

    The suitAir pushing outward from insideNothing pushing back from space

    It is pumped up with oxygen at about a third of sea-level pressure. That pressure is what keeps your blood liquid and your lungs working.

  3. Step 3 of 5

    Temperature swings 250 degrees.

    In direct sunlight+120°CComfortable inside21°CIn Earth's shadow−150°C

    In sunlight the outside of the suit hits 120°C. In Earth's shadow it drops to −150°C. The suit does the heating and cooling for you.

  4. Step 4 of 5

    Turning a bolt turns you instead.

    Turning a boltThe bolt turnsa littleYou spin theother way

    With nothing to brace against, every push you make pushes you back. Astronauts spend most of a spacewalk holding on with one hand and working with the other.

  5. Step 5 of 5

    The tether is everything.

    1 Clip on2 Move one clipat a time3 Jetpack as lastresort

    You are always clipped on. Suits also carry a small jetpack for emergencies, but no astronaut has ever needed it — nobody has drifted away.

    A spacewalk lasts six to eight hours, and astronauts train for each one underwater for about 50 hours.

The short version

A spacewalk means wearing a personal spacecraft, because space itself offers nothing at all.

Try it yourself

Sit on a swivel chair and try to turn a stiff jar lid. You spin instead of the lid. That is spacewalking.

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