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ELI5 Yahaaa

Pushing in time

How Do You Make a Swing Go Higher?

A swing has one natural rhythm, and small pushes timed to match it add up into a big arc.

1 A swing has onenatural rhythm2 You push intime with it3 Small pushesadd up
Timing beats strength every time.
  1. Step 1 of 5

    A swing is a pendulum, and pendulums have one rhythm.

    Long ropes Slow, lazy rhythmShort ropes Quick rhythm

    The time for one back-and-forth depends on the rope length, not on how far it swings or how heavy the rider is.

  2. Step 2 of 5

    Energy added in time is kept; out of time is cancelled.

    Pushing in time+Energy accumulatesPushing out of timeEnergy cancels out

    Push with the motion and every push adds. Push against it and the next push undoes the last. Rhythm decides whether effort accumulates.

  3. Step 3 of 5

    Pumping changes where your weight sits.

    1 At the bottom —stretch out2 Rising — tuckin3 A little energyadded each pass

    Leaning back and stretching your legs at the bottom, then tucking at the top, moves your body relative to the ropes and does real work.

  4. Step 4 of 5

    Each arc only adds a little.

    After twenty pumpshigh arcAfter five pumpsgetting thereAfter one pumpbarely moving

    One pump barely helps. Twenty pumps in rhythm build a big arc, which is why getting going takes patience and then feels sudden.

  5. Step 5 of 5

    The same trick shows up everywhere.

    Swing Small pushes, big arcTuning fork Right note, loud ring

    A wine glass singing, a bridge swaying and a radio tuning in are all systems that respond hugely to pushes at their own natural rhythm.

    Standing up on a swing shortens the effective pendulum, which speeds up the rhythm — pump to the new timing or you will fight it.

The short version

A swing has one natural rhythm, and pumping works by adding a small amount of energy in time with it, arc after arc.

Try it yourself

Sit still on a swing and have someone push once every second arc instead of every arc. The build-up nearly stops.

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