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ELI5 Yahaaa

A true space story

Where the Moon Came From

One young planet. One enormous crash. One new light in the sky.

1 Young Earth2 Something hugehits3 The Moon forms
The Moon is a splash of old Earth that never came back down.
  1. Step 1 of 5

    Earth used to be alone.

    Back then Hot young Earth, nomoonToday Earth with one big moon

    Four and a half billion years ago Earth was new, hot, and had no moon at all. The night sky was just stars.

  2. Step 2 of 5

    Another planet was sharing our lane.

    Young Earth Theia, Mars-sizedTwo orbits that cross will meet sooner or later

    A world about the size of Mars was circling the Sun on a path that crossed ours. Scientists call it Theia. Two objects on crossing paths eventually meet.

  3. Step 3 of 5

    They hit — and Earth splashed.

    1 Impact2 Rock vaporises3 A ring ofdebris
    Not a dent — a splash big enough to leave a ring.

    The crash was so violent that rock turned to liquid and spray. A huge cloud of molten pieces was flung into a ring around Earth.

  4. Step 4 of 5

    The ring clumped into a ball.

    1 Loose debris2 Gravity pullsit together3 One Moon

    Gravity pulled the floating pieces together. Small lumps grabbed smaller lumps, and in maybe a hundred years the ring had gathered itself into one round Moon.

  5. Step 5 of 5

    That is why Moon rock is Earth rock.

    Earth rock Same oxygen recipeMoon rock Same oxygen recipe
    Same ingredients means same origin.

    When astronauts brought Moon rocks home, the rocks were made of nearly the same stuff as Earth's outer layers. That match is the fingerprint that gave the crash story away.

    The Moon is slowly drifting away — about 3.8 cm a year, the speed your fingernails grow.

The short version

The Moon is the piece of Earth that got knocked loose and never fell back.

Try it yourself

Hold a ball of clay and smack it with another. Look at the bits that fly off — that is the Moon story in miniature.

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